SYSTEMATIC REVIEW ON THE INFLUENCE OF GREEN HRM PRACTICES, SUSTAINABLE WORK CULTURE, AND CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY ON EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT THROUGH ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT
Main Article Content
Achmad Nuril Huda
Budi Eko Soetjipto
Ludi Wisnu Wardhana
In organizations that prioritize sustainability, employee engagement serves as a strategic element in generating value and fostering customer loyalty. This study systematically examines the influence of Green Human Resource Management (GHRM), sustainable work culture, and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on employee engagement, with organizational commitment (OC) acting as a mediating variable. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was manually conducted on 76 Scopus-indexed articles published between 2019 and 2025, employing Boolean operators and keyword mapping techniques. The findings reveal that GHRM influences engagement through green empowerment and green training; work culture exerts its influence through values, ethics, and spirituality; while CSR contributes through meaningful work and trust. Organizational commitment functions as a key mediator that links these three elements to employee engagement, which in turn impacts employee involvement. The integrative conceptual model, grounded in Social Exchange Theory, the AMO Framework, and Stakeholder Theory, connects sustainability strategies with customer loyalty. This study contributes to the advancement of cross-disciplinary frameworks and offers practical recommendations for value-based human resource and marketing management.
Abdurrahman, A., et al. (2023). Employee engagement via ethical culture: Evidence from Indonesian SMEs. Bumi Inspirasi Jurnal Bisnis, 5(2), 61–70. https://journal.universitasbumigora.ac.id/index.php/bijb/article/download/2486/1461
Aguirre-Camarena, R., Martínez-Loya, V., & Morales-Moreno, L. (2024). Transformational leadership and organizational commitment: A systematic review. LACCEI Conference Proceedings. https://laccei.org/LACCEI2024-CostaRica/papers/Contribution_1663_final_a.pdf
Ahmada, H. A., et al. (2024). The effect of leadership style and reward system on employee engagement. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/385302468
Al Ghunaimi, H., & Kassim, M. S. B. (2025). Enhancing employee engagement in multinational companies in Oman: An exploration of theoretical concepts. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/387485887
Al-Sabi, S. M., & Al-Ababneh, M. M. (2024). Green HRM Practices and Environmental Performance: Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction. Cogent Business & Management, 11(1), 2328316. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/23311975.2024.2328316
Arif, S., Alam, M., & Mehmood, T. (2023). Strategic communication and employee engagement. Public Relations Review, 49(2). https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0363811123000358
Atiya, R., et al. (2024). Islamic work ethic and job engagement. Jurnal Manajemen dan Bisnis Digital, 3(2), 55–65. https://journal.nurscienceinstitute.id/index.php/jmdb/article/download/914/367
Austen, A., & Piwowar-Sulej, K. (2024). Green Human Resource Management in the Manufacturing Sector: A Bibliometric Literature Review. Economic and Management Journal. https://sciendo.com/pdf/10.2478/emj-2024-0032
Barkay, T. (2025). Internal CSR and the decline of organised labour: A possible elective affinity? Social Responsibility Journal. https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/srj-01-2024-0013/full/pdf
Baruah, S., Sharma, K., & Sachdeva, L. (2023). Mapping the landscape of employee engagement research: A bibliometric review. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/376028499
Bijalwan, P., & Gupta, M. (2024). The mediating role of workplace incivility: Organizational culture and productivity. Cogent Business & Management, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2024.2382894
Çelik, A., Aksoy, Y., & Aydın, R. (2024). CSR in public relations research: A hybrid review. Business Ethics: A European Review, 33(1), 77–96. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/beer.12762
Chand, M., Bhardwaj, B., & Sharma, D. (2024). Ensuring Sustainability Through Green HRM Practices: A Review. Journal of Organizational Effectiveness. https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/joepp-10-2023-0493/full/html
Cropanzano, R., & Mitchell, M. S. (2005). Social exchange theory: An interdisciplinary review. Journal of Management, 31(6), 874–900. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206305279602
Darmawan, I. M., Supartha, I. W. G., & Sudharma, M. (2024). Determinants of work engagement in the public sector. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/386466248
Elsevier. (2023). Scopus Content Coverage Guide. https://www.elsevier.com/solutions/scopus/how-scopus-works/content
Faddila, A., & Senen, M. (2023). Employee relationships in tourism: A systematic literature review. Semantic Scholar. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/9662/185bcc3ecc1a7a0804a9cfacb8db90fec798.pdf
Fazriyani, F. (2024). Bibliometric Analysis on Green Human Resource Management and SDGs. ICAMEKA Proceedings. https://icamekaproceedings.fe.uniska-kediri.ac.id/index.php/icameka/article/download/46/42
Freeman, R. E. (1984). Strategic Management: A Stakeholder Approach. Boston: Pitman Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139192675
Grześ-Bukłaho, J., & Kłoczko, A. (2024). The Concept of GHRM in a Systematic Literature Review. Zeszyty Naukowe. https://managementpapers.polsl.pl/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/200-Grze%C5%9B-Buk%C5%82aho-K%C5%82oczko.pdf
Gupta, A., & Jangra, S. (2023). Mapping Research on GHRM and Employee-Level Outcomes. Media Journal of Commerce and Management. https://www.indianjournals.com/ijor.aspx?target=ijor:mjcm&volume=10&issue=2&article=010
Hosen, S., Rini, N., & Wahyuni, A. (2024). Training & development, career development, and organizational Commitment as the predictor of work performance. Heliyon, 10(1). https://www.cell.com/heliyon/pdf/S2405-8440(23)11111-X.pdf
Huang, Y., Wang, J., & Zhang, L. (2024). CSR fuels proactive customer service. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 76, 103388. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0969698923003168
Irshad, M., et al. (2022). Employee engagement in higher education. Higher Education, Emerging Disciplines (HEED), 2(1), 1–12. https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/HEED-02-2022-0005/full/html
Jambulingam, M., & Mahalingam, M. (2024). Bibliometric analysis of emotional intelligence and leadership. International Journal of Business Studies (IJBS), 25(2). https://publisher.unimas.my/ojs/index.php/IJBS/article/view/7613/2198
Johari, H., & Hassan, A. (2021). Organizational culture and psychological empowerment. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences (IJARBSS), 11(3), 245–260. https://hrmars.com/papers_submitted/9472/organizational-culture-and-psychological-empowerment.pdf
Kailay, M., & Singh, R. (2024). Employee well-being and OC. International Journal of Human Resource Management. https://doi.org/10.1080/20479700.2024.2405327
Kakoty, S., Das, K., & Sharma, P. (2024). OC and leadership styles: A review. European Journal of Training and Development (EJTD). https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EJTD-09-2021-0151/full/html
Kamaruddin, K., & Ali, N. M. (2025). Uncovering key themes in sustainable HRM: A topic modelling approach. Jurnal Intelek. https://journal.uitm.edu.my/ojs/index.php/JI/article/download/3789/2586
Kaul, N., Singh, R., & Sharma, A. (2024). Psychological empowerment and employee engagement. Global Knowledge, Memory and Communication. https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/gkmc-09-2023-0322/full/html
Khanna, R., et al. (2022). Linking cultural fit with engagement and performance. Academy of Strategic Management Journal, 21(3), 1–15. https://www.abacademies.org/articles/Linking-cultural-fit-with-engagement-and-performance.pdf
Kholis, N., Ramadhan, A., & Pratama, D. (2023). Corporate social performance in Indonesia. Unimed Repository. https://digilib.unimed.ac.id/id/eprint/21583/1/Fulltext.pdf
Kişi, N. (2023). Bibliometric analysis and visualization of global research on employee engagement. Sustainability, 15(13), 10196. https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/13/10196/pdf
Kurniawati, S., et al. (2023). Culture and employee behavior in digital transformation. Jurnal Pendidikan Manajemen Terapan, 4(2), 33–41. https://ejurnal.budiutomomalang.ac.id/index.php/jpmt/article/view/2131
Kusumastuti, A. (2024). Determinant analysis of environmental performance in manufacturing sector. Jurnal Bisnis dan Manajemen, 11(2), 45–60. https://jurnal.unmer.ac.id/index.php/jbm/article/download/12121/5708
Liestiawati, F. I. D., & Putra, A. S. (2020). Effect of organizational support and engagement on performance. UI Scholar Repository. https://scholar.ui.ac.id/files/63963618/10.Effect_Of_Perceived_Organizationaal_Support_Quality_Of_Work_Life_and_Employee_1.pdf
Malpani, A., Arora, S., & Yadav, P. (2024). CSR, innovations, and financial performance. International Journal of Organizational Analysis. https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJOA-01-2024-4239/full/html
Mehta, S., et al. (2022). Organizational climate and engagement in SMEs. SpringerLink. [Access via institutional login]
Miah, M., & Szabó-Szentgróti, G. (2024). A Systematic Literature Review on GHRM: An Organizational Sustainability Perspective. Cogent Business & Management, 11(1), 2371983. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/23311975.2024.2371983
Mohapatra, P. P., Jena, B. P., Das, P. N., Bal, R. K., & Nayak, B. (2023). Research Advances on GHRM: A Comprehensive Bibliometric Analysis. Preprints. https://www.preprints.org/manuscript/202307.1802/download/final_file
Murdiono, J., & Hamidah, H. (2025). Green Behavior and Training Toward Sustainability Mediated by Employee Engagement. Journal of Management and Work. https://ideas.repec.org/a/bjx/jomwor/v2025y2025i1p626-634id753.html
Murillo Ramos, L. (2023). Enhancing GHRM in the Hospitality Sector: Antecedents and Role of Employee Green Voice. BURJC Digital Repository. https://burjcdigital.urjc.es/bitstreams/b007f291-b782-47e8-b9f3-9cb10dec575f/download
Olekanma, O., Rodrigo, L. S., & Adu, D. A. (2024). SMEs’ Carbon Footprint Reduction & Green Jobs: Systematic Review. Business Strategy and the Environment. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/bse.3846
Page, M. J., et al. (2021). The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ, 372, n71. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n71
Palomino-Flores, J. V. (2025). Engagement and scientific production at universities in Peru. Invecom Revista de Investigación Académica, 6(1), 87–103. https://revistainvecom.org/index.php/invecom/article/download/3486/647
Piwowar-Sulej, K., Austen, A., & Iqbal, Q. (2023). Fostering three types of green behavior through green HRM in the energy sector: The conditional role of environmental managerial support. Baltic Journal of Management, 18(4), 509–524. https://doi.org/10.1108/BJM-03-2023-0089
Pooja, S., & Bhavani, J. (2025). Bibliometric analysis of Green HRM and sustainable development. Journal of Urban Management. https://julistb.sinaweb.net/article_714911_7c55061c14d892f1e250678451d033eb.pdf
Prasidi, A. (2025). Green leadership and employee pro-environmental behavior: Role of engagement. Asian Journal of Business Ethics, 14(1), 67–85. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13520-022-00147-9
Prasidi, A. (2025). Organizational performance via employee engagement: Role of green rewards & culture. Global Indonesian Journal of Tourism and Management. https://research.e-greenation.org/GIJTM/article/download/336/294
Rabiul, M. K., Rahman, S. M., & Islam, S. (2025). Commitment to quality service in hospitality: Role of engagement. European Journal of Management and Business Economics. https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/ejmbe-09-2023-0288/full/pdf
Rachman, A., & Diandra, N. (2024). Integrating Green HRM and Information Systems in Oil & Gas Sector. Jurnal Teknik Informatika (JUTIF). https://jutif.if.unsoed.ac.id/index.php/jurnal/article/download/1935/481
Raju, T. B., Singh, R., & Sachdeva, L. (2023). Mapping the landscape of employee engagement research: A bibliometric review. ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/376028499
Rando Cueto, D., Artiles, J., & Fernández, M. (2024). CSR and employee happiness: A literature review. Management Decision. https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/md-11-2022-1495/full/html
Rey-Tienda, A., et al. (2024). Impact of corporate culture on well-being: Study on Peruvian service firms. Business and Management Review, 10(2), 45–54. http://revistas.up.edu.pe/index.php/business/article/view/2435
Rey-Tienda, A., et al. (2025). Person-organization fit, culture, engagement and performance. Business and Management Review, 10(1), 31–40. http://revistas.up.edu.pe/index.php/business/article/download/2435/1736/
Rosário, R., & Figueiredo, J. (2023). Sustainable entrepreneurship and CSR: Analysing the state of research. Journal of Responsible Entrepreneurship and Management, 5(1). https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/27658511.2024.2324572
Sergeeva, N., & Kapetanaki, A. B. (2022). CSR as a strategic narrative: The cases of UK project-based organisations. Project Leadership and Society, 3, 100075. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666721522000333
Shaikh, Z., & Singh, A. (2024). CSR, corporate governance and ethics in tourism management. Emerald Insight. https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/978-1-83608-704-520241018/full/html
Singh, A., & Khan, H. (2025). Emerging trends in employee engagement research: A bibliometric analysis. International Research Journal of Management Studies. https://www.irjms.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Manuscript_IRJMS_02681_WS.pdf
Singh, A., et al. (2024). Influence of leadership styles on organizational culture. BMJ Leader, 8(3), 208–212. https://bmjleader.bmj.com/content/8/3/208.abstract
Sodikin, M., & Fachrunnisa, O. (2023). Ihsan commitment: A new concept of workplace commitment. Journal of Islamic Business and Management, 13(2), 45–61. https://journals.riphah.edu.pk/index.php/jibm/article/download/1694/1093
Sodiq, M., et al. (2024). Islamic leadership and job satisfaction on Sharia engagement. Cogent Business & Management, 11(1), 2362772. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2024.2362772
Song, Y., Kim, S., & Park, H. (2024). CSR and job pursuit intention. Social Responsibility Journal. https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/srj-04-2023-0235/full/html
Sowan, K. (2021). Organizational culture and knowledge sharing behavior. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, 563, 435–440. https://www.atlantis-press.com/article/125952609.pdf
Stevens, J. (2022). Employee sustainable performance and engagement. [Master’s thesis, Eindhoven University of Technology]. https://research.tue.nl/files/208721661/Master_Thesis_Julia_Stevens.pdf
Sudiro, A., Eka, S., & Kurniawati, T. (2023). Emotional intelligence and quality of work life toward engagement. International Journal of Organizational Analysis. https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/ijoa-10-2021-2990/full/html
Suleman, A. R., Nejati, M., & Shafaei, A. (2025). Green HRM practices in hospitality and tourism: A multilevel review. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1447677024001463
Tabash, M. I., & Ahmad, N. (2023). Organizational analysis: A bibliometric review on commitment & retention. International Journal of Organizational Analysis. https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/ijoa-10-2021-2990/full/html
Tahir, A. H., Umer, M., Nauman, S., Ahmad, W., & Khan, A. A. (2024). SDGs and GHRM: Environmental performance review. Journal of Environmental Management. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301479724024812
Tripathi, R. (2024). Financial literacy and AI to mitigate biases: SPAR-4-SLR. International Journal of Emerging Markets. https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/ijoem-07-2024-1110/full/html
Van Loon, N. M., et al. (2021). Influence of work culture on employee wellbeing. Tilburg University Repository. https://pure.uvt.nl/ws/portalfiles/portal/55943754/
Vasudevan, A., Mathushan, P., & Nirojan, J. (2024). Nexus of green transformational leadership and innovation. Journal of Organizational Effectiveness. https://ecohumanism.co.uk/joe/ecohumanism/article/download/5422/5180
Veleva, V., Hart, M., Greiner, T., & Crumbley, C. (2017). Circular economy and employee engagement. Journal of Cleaner Production, 154, 686–695. https://www.academia.edu/download/85072889/1-s2.0-s0959652617306315-main_0.pdf
Winarno, W., & Kusumaningrum, D. (2024). Organizational planning and business HRM. Business Innovation Review, 3(1), 110–119. https://lgdpublishing.org/index.php/birev/article/download/110/98
Wiśniewska, M. Z., & Grudowski, P. (2024). The culture of excellence in higher education. The TQM Journal. https://doi.org/10.1108/TQM-11-2022-0325
Xie, H., & Lau, T. C. (2023). Evidence-based GHRM: A systematic literature review. Sustainability, 15(14), 10941. https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/14/10941/pdf
Zaman, S. I., Qabool, S., Anwar, A., & Khan, S. A. (2025). GHRM practices: A model to evaluate pro-environmental behavior. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights. https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/JHTI-02-2024-0146/full/html









