International Journal of Social Science, Educational, Economics, Agriculture Research and Technology (IJSET)

THE EFFECT OF PRODUCT QUALITY, PRICE, AND PROMOTION ON PURCHASING DECISIONS AT KOPI JANJI JIWA IN MAKASSAR

2025-11-13T04:09:03+00:00

Purchasing decisions are inherent in every customer’s behavior. The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of product quality, price, and promotion on purchasing decisions at Kopi Janji Jiwa in Makassar. The research data were collected through the distribution of closed-ended questionnaires using a Likert scale. The analytical tools employed in this study include descriptive statistical analysis, data quality tests (validity and reliability tests), hypothesis testing, multiple linear regression, and classical assumption tests using SPSS version 26. The results indicate that product quality (X1) has no significant effect on purchasing decisions (Y), price (X2) also has no significant effect on purchasing decisions (Y), while promotion (X3) has a significant influence on purchasing decisions. It can be concluded that simultaneously, product quality, price, and promotion collectively affect purchasing decisions.

RANGKIANG AS A MODEL OF PLANNING AND RISK MANAGEMENT IN ISLAMIC ECONOMICS

2025-11-23T01:45:46+00:00

This study aims to examine the rangkiang system in Minangkabau culture as a conceptual model of family economic planning and risk management from an Islamic economic perspective. Using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method, the study analyzes various scholarly sources related to Islamic economics, family resilience, local wisdom, and Minangkabau adat philosophy, integrated with the principles of maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah. The findings reveal that the rangkiang system comprising Rangkiang Si Bayau-Bayau, Si Tangguang Lapa, and Rangkiang Kaciak reflects three core dimensions of Islamic economics: just and prudent consumption planning (qanā‘ah and tadbīr al-māl), social risk mitigation (iḥtiyāṭ and ta‘āwun), and intergenerational economic resilience (ḥifẓ al-nasl and ḥifẓ al-māl). The integration of Minangkabau customary values with Islamic teachings forms an indigenous Islamic economic system one that emerges from local cultural practices while remaining grounded in maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah. This study affirms that the Rangkiang Syariah Model can serve as a new paradigm in the development of applied Islamic economics based on local wisdom, strengthening Muslim family economic resilience and enriching the body of contextual Islamic economic theory in Indonesia.

ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING THE DURATION OF AUDIT COMPLETION AT PT GARUDA INDONESIA TBK

2025-11-28T10:29:42+00:00

This study investigates the elements that influence the audit completion time (Audit Report Lag/ARL) at PT Garuda Indonesia Tbk during the 2020–2024 period by applying a descriptive qualitative approach through case analysis. The study shows that ARL has three key elements, namely financial statement complexity, the company's financial condition (financial distress), and regulatory influence. The high complexity of financial statements and financial pressure due to the pandemic lengthen audit time, while strict supervision from the Financial Services Authority (OJK) and the Ministry of State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) encourages compliance in reporting. ARL at Garuda has decreased drastically from 196 days in 2020 to 84 days in 2024, indicating progress in governance and efficiency of the audit process. The results of this study confirm that ARL reflects the interaction between internal and external factors in the preparation of financial statements. Keywords: Audit Report Lag, financial statement complexity, financial distress, regulatory pressure, PT Garuda Indonesia Tbk.

MODES OF INDEPENDENT MIGRATION OF INDONESIAN MIGRANT WORKERS IN ENTERING AND WORKING IN MALAYSIA THROUGH NON-PROCEDURAL CHANNELS

2025-12-24T07:09:00+00:00

This study examines the modes of independent migration of Indonesian Migrant Workers (PMI) in entering and working in Malaysia through non-procedural pathways. The phenomenon of non-procedural migration has become a significant concern as it increases the risk of rights violations, creates uncertainty in working conditions, and poses challenges for the government in monitoring and protecting migrant workers. This study aims to analyze the modes of independent migration undertaken by PMI, the factors driving non-procedural migration, and its implications for working conditions and legal protection in Malaysia.This research employs a qualitative approach using a case study method, involving in-depth interviews with migrant workers, migration observers, and government representatives, as well as analysis of relevant documents. The findings indicate that independent migration modes involve informal routes and intermediary networks that play a role in job placement, while the driving factors include socio-economic pressures, limited access to official migration mechanisms, and perceptions of bureaucratic delays.The implications of non-procedural migration include wage uncertainty, unsafe working conditions, minimal legal protection, and heightened vulnerability to exploitation and rights violations. The study also finds that the government faces difficulties in monitoring non-procedural migrant workers due to the lack of data, weak cross-sectoral coordination, and the dominance of informal networks. Based on these findings, the study recommends strengthening official migration procedures, increasing outreach and education for prospective migrant workers, enhancing legal protection for PMI in Malaysia, as well as promoting cross-border collaboration and community-based assistance. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the complexity of independent non-procedural migration and risk mitigation strategies for migrant workers, thereby helping to better protect the rights, safety, and welfare of migrant workers.

IMPROVING STUDENTS' UNDERSTANDING IN PAI LEARNING THROUGH QUIZZ-BASED DIGITAL MEDIA AT SMAN 1 TANAH LUAS

2026-01-10T15:49:21+00:00

This study aims to improve students' understanding in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning through the use of Quizizz-based digital media at SMAN 1 Tanah Luas. The background of this study is based on the low level of involvement and understanding of some students in the PAI learning process, which is caused by the use of learning methods that are still conventional and less varied. This condition has an impact on low student learning motivation and less than optimal achievement of learning objectives. Along with the development of technology and the characteristics of students in the digital era, learning innovations are needed that are able to provide a more interesting, interactive learning atmosphere, and are in accordance with student needs.

This study uses a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design to measure the effect of using Quizizz-based digital media on student understanding. The research subjects were grade X students of SMAN 1 Tanah Luas who were selected as the research sample. Data collection techniques were carried out through pretests and posttests to measure improvements in student learning outcomes, and supported by observation and documentation to obtain a comprehensive picture of the learning process. Quizizz media was used as a means of evaluation and reinforcement of Islamic Religious Education material, by presenting interactive questions that encourage active student participation in the learning process.

The results of the study showed a significant increase in student understanding after the implementation of Quizizz-based digital media in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning. This was demonstrated by an increase in the average value of student learning outcomes as well as increased student enthusiasm and activeness during the learning process. The use of Quizizz not only helped students better understand Islamic Religious Education material but also created a fun and healthy competitive learning atmosphere. Thus, Quizizz-based digital media has proven effective in improving student understanding and presenting Islamic Religious Education learning that is more engaging, interactive, and relevant to the characteristics of learners in the digital era.

THE USE OF MASS MEDIA IN THE WINNING STRATEGY OF THE GOLONGAN KARYA PARTY IN NORTH SUMATERA PROVINCE IN THE 2024 LEGISLATIVE GENERAL ELECTIONS

2026-01-24T14:10:08+00:00

This study aims to comprehensively examine the utilization of mass media as a winning strategy for the Golongan Karya Party (Golkar) in the 2024 Legislative Elections in North Sumatera Province. This study employed a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with informants consisting of leaders of the North Sumatera Golkar Provincial Board, communication and media teams, district/city branch leaders, elected legislative candidates, and mass media journalists. Data were also obtained through observation and documentation studies of campaign materials, internal party documents, and mass media coverage. Data analysis used the Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña model, which includes data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing. The study found that North Sumatera Golkar Party implemented a multiplatform political communication strategy that synergistically integrated conventional media (radio, newspapers) and digital media (Instagram, TikTok, Facebook, YouTube, WhatsApp). This strategy was built through a systematic strategic planning process using SWOT analysis. Moreover, effective coordination among various levels of party structure and integration of media campaigns with field campaigns created synergy that strengthened campaign impact. This research concludes that, mass media, particularly digital media, played a strategic and significant role in Golkar Party's electoral success in North Sumatera in the 2024 Election. However, the effectiveness of mass media communication strategies did not work in isolation but was integrated with other political strategy elements such as party leadership such as Musa Rajekshah as chairman of the Golkar DPD North Sumatera, legislative candidate quality, relevant programs, and grassroots campaigns.

IMPLEMENTATION OF GOOD GOVERNANCE PERSPECTIVE IN IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF PASSPORT ISSUANCE SERVICES AT THE CLASS I TPI PONTIANAK IMMIGRATION OFFICE

2025-11-04T07:46:22+00:00

This thesis discusses the quality of public immigration services in passport issuance from the perspective of good governance at the Class 1 TPI Immigration Office in Pontianak City. This research is based on the phenomenon of low integrity in immigration services, particularly in passport issuance. Public services are part of national development to increase community participation. In relation to this, the Class I TPI Immigration Office in Pontianak provides public services aimed at improving quality and enhancing the services provided by the Class I TPI Immigration Office in Pontianak (in accordance with the perspective of good governance). To determine the level of success in the implementation of public service quality at the Class I TPI Immigration Office in Pontianak, the author conducted field research. To ensure the validity of the data, the researcher employed several methods in the study, including observation, interviews, and documentation. Based on the findings of the research, it can be concluded that the quality of public services provided by the Class I TPI Immigration Office in Pontianak is already in line with the Good Governance perspective.

THE GREEN MSME DRYING TECHNOLOGY MODEL AND ITS IMPACT ON THE ADDED VALUE OF COFFEE FARMERS IN ACEH

2025-11-23T00:13:24+00:00

Drying is a critical post-harvest stage for coffee, as it directly determines the final quality, economic value, and ultimately, farmers' income. Most farmers in Aceh Tengah and Bener Meriah still rely on conventional methods, such as drying coffee directly on tarps or non-standard racks. These practices often result in high moisture content, significant physical defects, and consequently, lower selling prices. This study analyzes the effectiveness of a "Green MSME" drying rack constructed from wood and food-grade mesh in improving coffee quality and farmer income, while also evaluating its alignment with sustainability and circular economy principles. Using a descriptive-comparative quantitative approach, the research involved 30 farmers applying four different drying methods. The results demonstrated that the Green MSME technology yielded the best coffee quality, with an average moisture content of 11.2% and a defect rate of 6.1%, which is superior to tarpaulin drying (12.8% and 11.3%, respectively). The added value for Green MSME coffee reached IDR 77,500 per kg (9.9% higher than the traditional method), leading to an income increase of 1.19% to 13% per 500 kg of dry beans. Furthermore, the Green MSME model supports sustainability through greater energy efficiency, waste reduction, the use of eco-friendly materials, and enhanced potential for quality certification. In conclusion, this innovation has proven to be feasible, economical, and consistent with green production principles, making it a viable model for widespread replication to develop the smallholder coffee agribusiness in Aceh.

CONTRIBUTION OF ISLAMIC FINANCIAL INSTITUTION FINANCING TO INDONESIA’S EXPORT PERFORMANCE

2025-11-25T14:05:51+00:00

This study aims to examine the contribution of Islamic financial institution financing to Indonesia’s export performance using monthly time-series data from January 2022 to December 2024. Employing multiple linear regression analysis, the financing provided by Islamic Rural Banks, Islamic Commercial Banks, and Islamic Financing Institutions was analyzed to determine its effect on export value as the dependent variable. The findings indicate that the model explains 42.25% of the variation in Indonesia’s export performance. Partially, the results show that financing from Islamic Commercial Banks has a positive and significant influence on export value, whereas financing from Islamic Rural Banks and Islamic Financing Institutions does not exhibit a significant effect. The simultaneous test confirms that, collectively, financing provided by Islamic financial institutions contributes significantly to Indonesia’s export performance.

THE EFFECT OF WORK DISCIPLINE, WORK MOTIVATION AND JOB SATISFACTION ON EMPLOYEE PERFOMENCE AT THE CLASS II IMMIGRATION OFFICE IN LHOKSEUMAWE

2025-12-20T03:29:12+00:00

This study aims to examine the influence of work discipline, work motivation, and job satisfaction on employee performance at the Class II Immigration Office in Lhokseumawe. The research method used is quantitative with an associative approach. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 48 employees as the research sample using a saturated sampling technique. The research instruments were tested with validity and reliability tests, while the classical assumption tests included normality, multicollinearity, and heteroscedasticity tests. Data analysis was carried out using multiple linear regression with the help of SPSS version 26. The results show that work discipline, work motivation, and job satisfaction have a positive and significant effect on employee performance, both partially and simultaneously. The coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.885 indicates that 88,5% of the variation in employee performance can be explained by the independent variables, while the remaining 88,5% is influenced by other factors not included in this study.

MARKETING MIX IN LOCAL MINIMARKETS CREATES PURCHASE DECISIONS AND HAS IMPLICATIONS FOR CUSTOMER SATISFACTION

2025-12-30T03:16:03+00:00

Purpose – This study examined the influence of the marketing mix, consisting of product, price, promotion, and place, on purchase decisions and customer satisfaction and the mediating effect of purchase decisions. Methodology – The sample consisted of 250 customers at local minimarkets in Lhokseumawe City taken using Purposive sampling method. Primary data were collected using a structured questionnaire and were tested for validity and reliability. The analysis tool was path analysis with the SEM (Structural Equation Modelling) method using AMOS. Findings – The results indicated that each element of the marketing mix, namely product, price, promotion, and place, positively and significantly influenced purchase decisions and customer satisfaction. Furthermore, the purchase decision directly affected customer satisfaction and mediated the relationship between the product mix elements (product, price, promotion, and place) and customer satisfaction. Originality – This study examined the influence of marketing mix elements on purchase decisions and customer satisfaction. Besides, this study also seeks to test the mediating effect of customer purchase decisions at local minimarkets in Lhokseumawe City.

INFLUENCE ENVIRONMENT WORK AND EMPOWERMENT RESOURCE MAN TO SATISFACTION WORK EMPLOYEE IN PT PNM MEKAR SUKABUMI DISTRICT SUKARAJA UNIT

2026-01-19T14:43:20+00:00

The aim of this study is to determine how much big job satisfaction Employees of PT PNM Mekar Sukaraja Unit are influenced by the work environment and human resource empowerment. A quantitative associative research approach aims to analyze the relationship between these factors. The study population consisted of twenty people, all of whom responded using a saturated sampling method. Data collection was conducted with questionnaire scale Likert And analysis data use device soft SPSS version 25. This approach aims to evaluate the influence of each variable partially or simultaneously on employee job satisfaction. Based on the results of the t-test, a significance value of less than 0.05 indicates that the work environment and human resource empowerment variables have a positive and significant impact on employee satisfaction. Work. Temporary That, results test F Which own mark F count as big as 39,492 And a significance value of 0.000 indicates that both factors simultaneously have an influence Which substantial. By Because That, can concluded that improvement work environment and human resource empowerment can significantly increase employee job satisfaction.

THE EFFECT OF AMELIORANTS AND SYNTHETIC FERTILISERS ON THE GROWTH OF SEVERAL VARIETIES OF ONIONS AFFECTED BY SALINITY

2025-11-12T23:11:21+00:00

The study was conducted in Deli Serdang Regency at an altitude of +13 msal, starting in May-August 2024. Demand for shallots is very high, so expansion of shallot cultivation to marginal lands such as saline soils is necessary. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of ameliorants and synthetic fertilisers on the growth of several shallot varieties. The study used a split split plot design consisting of three factors, namely: First factor (S): S0 (saline soil + topsoil); S1 (saline soil + sawdust compost); S2 (saline soil + sawdust charcoal). The second factor was synthetic fertiliser (P): P1 (0.37 g/polybag (375 kg/ha)); P2 (0.75 g/polybag (750 kg/ha)); P3 (1.125 g/polybag (1,125 kg/ha). The third factor was variety (V): V1 (Bima Brebes); V2 (Batu Ijo); V3 (Sembrani), which was repeated three times. The observation data were analysed using the F test with a 5% DMRT follow-up test. The results showed that the use of the Bima Brebes variety produced the highest percentage of red onion bulb growth potential with a value of 99%, which was significantly different from the Sembrani variety (81%) and not significantly different from the Batu Ijo variety (92%). The Sembrani variety (V3) and the effectiveness of synthetic fertiliser doses can help red onion plants adapt to salinity, either with or without the aid of ameliorants.

DEEP LEARNING IMPLEMENTATION IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS: ENHANCING CRITICAL THINKING AND MEANINGFUL LEARNING THROUGH CONTEXTUAL PEDAGOGY

2025-11-23T01:37:56+00:00

Elementary education in Indonesia remains predominantly characterized by rote learning and teacher-centered practices, which constrain students’ critical thinking and meaningful engagement. This participatory action research investigated the implementation of deep learning pedagogy in a rural elementary school (SD Negeri 019 Bonan Dolok, Mandailing Natal, Sept–Oct 2025), involving 50 teachers, 75 students (grades 3–5), and three university researchers through six collaborative cycles. Multiple qualitative instruments—observations, reflective journals, interviews, and artifact analyses—were employed to capture pedagogical and behavioral transformations. Findings indicate a progressive shift from transmissive to inquiry-oriented teaching. Teachers increasingly used open-ended questioning, extended wait time, and authentic local contexts. Students demonstrated higher participation, analytical reasoning, and collaboration, although progress varied across ability levels. Key challenges included limited instructional time, assessment misalignment, and teachers’ initial discomfort with shared authority. Collaborative reflection and peer learning communities emerged as pivotal for sustaining innovation. Deep learning proved attainable in resource-constrained environments when supported by reflective professional development and school leadership. Theoretically, this study extends deep learning and contextual teaching frameworks into underexplored elementary contexts, identifying reflective collaboration as a critical mechanism for pedagogical transformation. Practically, it proposes a scalable, context-sensitive model for implementing deep learning in rural schools through participatory teacher development, offering actionable guidance for educators and policymakers seeking to foster critical, creative, and collaborative learning.

THE APPLICATION OF A TACTICAL LEARNING MODEL TO IMPROVE GAME UNDERSTANDING IN FOOTBALL AMONG GRADE VIII STUDENTS AT SMP NEGERI 1 BADAR

2025-11-26T08:10:53+00:00

This study investigates the effectiveness of the Tactical Games Model (TGM), an approach rooted in the Teaching Games for Understanding (TGfU) pedagogy, in enhancing game understanding in football among junior high school students. A quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest control group was employed. A sample of 60 Grade VIII students from SMP Negeri 1 Badar was divided into two groups: an experimental group (n=30) that received instruction via the tactical model, and a control group (n=30) that underwent conventional, technique-focused training. Game understanding was quantitatively assessed using the Game Performance Assessment Instrument (GPAI), which measures components such as decision-making, skill execution, and support in game-like situations. The results from paired sample t-tests indicated a statistically significant improvement in game understanding from pretest to posttest for both groups (p < .05). However, the experimental group demonstrated a substantially greater improvement, with an average gain score of 17.5 points, compared to the control group's average gain of 6.5 points. This significant difference in gain scores confirms the superior efficacy of the tactical learning model. The study concludes that the tactical approach, which embeds technical skill development within a contextual, game-centered learning environment, is significantly more effective than the traditional technical model in fostering a deeper and more applicable understanding of football among students. The findings advocate for a pedagogical shift in physical education towards models that prioritize tactical awareness and decision-making.

SUSTAINABLE MENTORING IN THE USE OF ONLINE LEARNING PLATFORMS TO ENHANCE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS EDUCATION TEACHING IN RURAL SCHOOLS [A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW]

2025-12-24T07:02:12+00:00

This article presents a systematic literature review on continuous mentoring in using online platforms to enhance the effectiveness of Christian Religious Education (CRE) teaching in rural schools. Based on an analysis of 17 empirical articles (2020-2024), this study identifies multidimensional challenges faced by teachers, including limited infrastructure, low digital pedagogy competence, and psychological barriers such as technostress. The synthesis reveals that effective mentoring models are sustainable and contextual, combining instructional coaching for individual support and virtual communities of practice (VCoP) for peer collaboration. This approach significantly enhances complex dimensions of teachers' TPACK particularly Technological Pedagogical Knowledge (TPK) and Technological Content Knowledge (TCK) enabling them to design more interactive, reflective, and contextual online CRE learning. Key success factors include contextualizing materials for low-bandwidth conditions, building trust-based mentor-teacher relationships, and active support from school leadership. The findings provide an evidence-based foundation for policymakers and practitioners to design targeted mentoring programs that improve the quality of online CRE learning in rural areas.

CHANGES IN THE SOCIETY ENVIRONMENT ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF COMPUTER NETWORK DISTRIBUTION

2026-01-09T23:51:53+00:00

The proliferation of computer networks has significantly impacted various aspects of social life. This study aims to identify and analyze the social changes resulting from the integration of computer networks into everyday life. Using a mixed-method research design, data were collected through a survey involving 300 respondents and in-depth interviews with 40 informants. The results indicate that computer networks increase the frequency of communication with family and friends (78%), facilitate access to information and education (70%), and enable more flexible work and education patterns, with 60% of respondents working from home and 50% participating in online learning. Furthermore, computer networks also increase economic opportunities such as online jobs and e-commerce businesses (68%). However, the study also reveals a digital divide, particularly in rural areas (40%), indicating the need for further efforts to ensure the equitable distribution of the benefits of technology. This study provides in-depth insights into the impact of computer networks on social transformation and can be used as a reference for policymakers, educators, and information technology professionals in developing effective strategies to leverage this technology for social and economic progress.

THE EFFECT OF DIVIDEND PAYOUT RATIO, PROFITABILITY AND COMPANY SIZE ON DEBT POLICY IN NON-FINANCIAL STATE-OWNED ENTERPRISES IN INDONESIA PERIOD 2019-2023

2026-01-23T08:29:00+00:00

This study aims to examine the effect of dividend payout ratio , profitability, and company size on debt policy in non-financial state-owned enterprises in Indonesia for the period 2019-2023. The data in this study were accessed through the official website www.idx.co.id. The sample used in this study was 19 companies. The data analysis method in this study used panel data regression analysis with the application tool eviews 12. The results of the study found that the dividend payout ratio influential significant negative impact on corporate debt policy in non-financial SOEs for the 2019-2023 period. Profitability has a significant negative effect on the company's debt policy in non-financial state-owned enterprises for the 2019-2023 period . Company size has a significant negative influence on the company's debt policy in non-financial BUMN for the 2019-2023 period

THE EFFECT OF BRAND IMAGE, BRAND TRUST AND PRICE ON CUSTOMER LOYALTY OF INDOMIE INSTANT NOODLE PRODUCTS FEB STUDENTS OF MALIKUSSALEH UNIVERSITY

2025-11-14T08:26:52+00:00

This study aims to determine how brand image, brand trust and price influence customer loyalty of Indomie instant noodle products among students of the Faculty of Economics and Business, Malikussaleh University partially and simultaneously. The data used in this study are primary data obtained by distributing questionnaires to 120 respondents. The questionnaire trial consists of validity and reliability tests using the Cronbach's Alpha method. The classical assumption test uses the normality test, multicollinearity test and heteroscedasticity test. Hypothesis testing uses the t-test, F test and coefficient of determination R2. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression using SPSS software version 26. The results of the study show that the Brand Image variable has a significance value of 0.007 and a t-value of 2.763> t-table, namely 1.981, which means it has a positive and significant effect on Customer Loyalty. Thus, the first hypothesis is accepted. Meanwhile, the Brand Trust variable has a significance value of 0.001 and a t-value of 3.368> t-table, which means it has a positive and significant effect on Customer Loyalty, so the second hypothesis is accepted. Furthermore, the Price variable shows a significance value of 0.001 and t count of 3.272 > t table, which means it has a positive and significant influence on Customer Loyalty, so the third hypothesis is accepted. Thus, it can be concluded that brand image, brand trust, and price partially and simultaneously have a positive and significant influence on customer loyalty.

THE APPLICATION OF SCAFFOLDING TECHNIQUES IN WRITING ABILITY OF ELEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS AT SMA NEGERI 1 SIANTAR

2025-11-24T15:00:46+00:00

Writing is one of the essential skills in English learning, yet many students face difficulties in generating ideas, organizing arguments, and applying appropriate linguistic features when composing analytical exposition texts. This study aims to investigate the effect of scaffolding techniques on the writing ability of eleventh-grade students at SMA Negeri 1 Siantar. A quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design was employed, involving two groups: an experimental class taught using scaffolding techniques and a control class taught using conventional methods. Both groups completed a pre-test and post-test to measure their writing performance. The findings show that the experimental group experienced a significant improvement, with the mean score increasing from 50.50 to 82.74, while the control group increased from 50.71 to 72.12. The Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test and Mann-Whitney U Test revealed a significant difference between the two groups, with Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) = 0.000, indicating that scaffolding had a positive and statistically significant effect. These results suggest that scaffolding through modeling, guided practice, feedback, and gradual release helps students better understand text structure, develop ideas, and apply appropriate language features. Therefore, scaffolding techniques are effective in enhancing students’ writing ability, particularly in composing analytical exposition texts.

THE INFLUENCE OF FINANCIAL TECHNOLOGY (FINTECH) USAGE, FINANCIAL LITERACY, SAVING HABITS, AND CAPITAL STRUCTURE ON THE FINANCIAL CAPABILITY OF MSMES IN TANGERANG REGENCY

2025-12-03T13:46:10+00:00

MSMEs in Tangerang Regency deal with a number of financial management issues, such as low financial literacy, poor saving practices, an uneven capital structure, and inefficient use of financial technology (Fintech). These circumstances affect MSMEs' limited ability to manage cash flow, secure capital, and sustain firm stability. This study aims to quantitatively analyse the influence of Fintech usage, financial literacy, saving habits, and capital structure on the financial capability of MSMEs in Tangerang Regency. The research method uses an associative approach with multiple regression analysis techniques applied to 200 MSME respondents selected through purposive sampling. The research instrument is a Likert scale that is evaluated using validity and reliability tests, while data analysis is carried out using SPSS using classical assumptions, t, and F tests. The study's findings indicate that the following variables—Fintech, financial literacy, kebiasaan menabung, and modal structure—have a positive and significant impact on UMKM's financial capabilities, both in a parallel and parallel manner. The Adjusted R-Squared value of 0.612 indicates that 61.2% of the financial variability can be explained by the developed model. This study highlights the importance of financial education, effective financial management, and the use of financial technology to increase UMKM's financial capabilities in the digital age. It is anticipated that this will serve as a catalyst for government agencies, financial institutions, and Fintech companies to develop more effective UMKM strategies

THE INFLUENCE OF GOAL ORIENTATION, FEEDBACK ORIENTATION, AND WORK ENVIRONMENT ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE AT PT MASABARU GUNAPERSADA IN SURABAYA

2025-12-30T02:46:13+00:00

This study aims to analyze the effects of Goal Orientation, Feedback Orientation, and Work Environment on employee performance at PT. Masabaru Gunapersada in Surabaya. The research employs a quantitative method with an associative approach. The population of this study consists of all employees of PT. Masabaru Gunapersada in Surabaya, totaling 56 employees, and the entire population is used as the research sample through a census sampling technique. Data collection was conducted by distributing questionnaires using a Likert scale. The data analysis techniques include data quality testing, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression analysis, partial tests, simultaneous tests, and coefficient of determination analysis, with the assistance of SPSS software. The results show that Goal Orientation and Work Environment partially have a significant effect on employee performance, while Feedback Orientation partially does not have a significant effect on employee performance. Simultaneously, Goal Orientation, Feedback Orientation, and Work Environment have a significant effect on employee performance, with Work Environment being the most dominant variable influencing employee performance at PT. Masabaru Gunapersada in Surabaya.

POSYANDU PROGRAM FOR THE ELDERLY AT THE RANTAU DISTRICT PUBLIC HEALTH CENTER REGENCY ACEH TAMIANG

2026-01-18T01:00:27+00:00

This study is a descriptive qualitative research that examines the Implementation of the Elderly Health Service Program at the Rantau Subdistrict Community Health Center (Puskesmas), Aceh Tamiang Regency. The focus of this research is to analyze the program's mechanism, its implementation, and the obstacles faced in providing elderly health services. This study employs Grindle's theory of policy implementation, which emphasizes that the success of implementation is influenced by the content of the policy and the context of its implementation. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative with data collected through interviews, observations, and documentation. The data were analyzed by combining field findings with the theoretical framework. The results show that the elderly health program at the Rantau Subdistrict Puskesmas has been implemented through planning, organizing, implementation, and monitoring and evaluation, which are realized in activities such as the Elderly Clinic (Poli Lansia), Elderly Integrated Service Post (Posyandu Lansia), elderly gymnastics, health counseling, and home visits. The program implementation has followed the guidelines and increased elderly participation; however, it remains limited to basic health services. The main obstacles in implementation include a shortage of medical personnel, inadequate facilities and infrastructure, limited accessibility for elderly in remote areas, and suboptimal cross-sectoral coordination. Based on these findings, this research recommends strengthening the implementation mechanism through data-based planning, capacity building for health workers and elderly health cadres, provision of more complete health facilities and infrastructure, and the establishment of cross-sectoral coordination forums. Furthermore, the role of families and communities needs to be enhanced to support the sustainability of elderly health services.

THE INFLUENCE OF LEADERSHIP AND WORK ENVIRONMENT ON EMPLOYEE PRODUCTIVITY THROUGH COMMUNICATION AS A MEANS INTERVENING VARIABLES IN EXTENSION CENTER AGRICULTURE IN BIREUEN DISTRICT

2025-11-10T08:16:30+00:00

This study aims to determine the influence of leadership and work environment on employee productivity through communication as an intervening variable at the Agricultural Extension Center in Bireuen Regency. The independent variables in this study are leadership and work environment, the dependent variable is employee productivity, and the intervening variable is communication. This study uses a quantitative method, collecting data using a questionnaire containing questions and statements distributed to all employees at the Agricultural Extension Center. The scoring technique uses a Likert scale. This study was conducted at the Agricultural Extension Center in Gandapura, Kuta Blang, and Peusangan Districts with a total of 108 respondents. The sampling method used in this study was saturated sampling, where the entire population was sampled, resulting in a total sample of 108 respondents. This study used multiple linear regression analysis with SPSS (Statistical Program for Social Science). The results of the study indicate that leadership and the work environment have a positive and significant influence on communication and directly impact employee productivity. Furthermore, communication has been shown to significantly mediate the influence of leadership and the work environment on productivity. These findings indicate that improving leadership quality and a conducive work environment, coupled with effective communication, can optimally boost employee productivity. This research is expected to serve as a reference for managers of the Agricultural Implementation Center in formulating strategies to improve employee performance.

NAVIGATING MANDATORY BIODIESEL POLICY: A QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE DYNAMICS OF CATALYST RESEARCH, FEEDSTOCK DIVERSIFICATION, AND INDUSTRY RESPONSES IN INDONESIA'S ENERGY TRANSITION

2025-11-23T01:12:52+00:00

This study analyzes the implementation of the mandatory biodiesel policy in Indonesia, focusing on the dynamics of catalyst research, feedstock diversification, and industry responses in the context of the national energy transition. The mandatory policy, which began with B10 in 2016 and increased to B35 in 2023, aims to reduce dependence on fossil fuels by utilizing the potential of palm oil as the world's largest producer. Using a qualitative approach with a case study design, the research was conducted in four provinces: West Java, East Java, North Sumatra, and Riau over eight months, involving 35 informants from researchers, policymakers, and industry players. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, field observations, and documentation studies, analyzed using thematic analysis methods. The results show that biodiesel catalyst research has made significant progress in utilizing local materials such as rice husk ash and eggshells, but faces a large gap between laboratory success and industrial implementation due to minimal collaboration and funding for applied research. Feedstock diversification is still hampered by the dominance of palm oil, which reaches 95 percent, while alternatives such as castor oil, animal fats, and microalgae are not yet economically competitive. The industry's response to the mandatory policy is polarized, with large, vertically integrated companies able to adapt through technology investment and capacity expansion, while small and medium-sized producers face structural constraints such as limited capital, access to raw materials, and weak bargaining power. The misalignment between ambitious policy targets, limited technological readiness, and uneven industrial capacity creates an implementation gap that hinders the achievement of a sustainable energy transition. The study recommends establishing a research-industry collaboration platform, strengthening feedstock diversification policies, empowering small and medium-sized producers, conducting public education campaigns, and cross-ministerial coordination through a dedicated energy transition agency to develop a realistic and coordinated long-term roadmap.

THE EFFECT OF FLOOR GYMNASTICS TRAINING ON THE BODY BALANCE OF GRADE IX STUDENTS AT SMP NEGERI 2 BAMBEL

2025-11-26T08:05:23+00:00

This study aimed to determine the effect of a structured, one-week floor gymnastics training program on the body balance of ninth-grade students. Employing a quantitative approach with a one-group pretest-posttest design, the research involved 30 students from SMP Negeri 2 Bambel who were physically healthy and aged between 13 and 15 years. The intervention consisted of floor gymnastics exercises conducted three times per week for one week, with each session lasting 60 minutes. Body balance was measured before and after the training using an instrument based on five floor gymnastics indicators (candle stance, one-legged stand, back arch, handstand, and straight-line walk), each scored on a scale of 1 to 3. The results indicated a significant improvement in balance scores following the intervention. The mean pretest score was 9.20, which increased to a mean posttest score of 13.26, with a mean difference of 4.06. The data were normally distributed, as confirmed by the Shapiro-Wilk test (p = 0.240 > 0.05). A paired sample t-test revealed a statistically significant difference between the pretest and posttest scores (t = 22.68, p < 0.001). These findings conclusively demonstrate that a short-term, intensive program of floor gymnastics training is effective in significantly improving both static and dynamic body balance in adolescents. This supports the integration of structured gymnastics into school physical education curricula to enhance students' fundamental motor skills.

PROSPECTS AND STRATEGIES FOR DEVELOPING GAMBIR (UNCARIA GAMBIR ROXB.) IN PAKPAK BHARAT DISTRICT

2025-12-20T03:50:57+00:00

Gambier ( Uncaria gambir Roxb. ) is a valuable plantation commodity with the potential to be developed as a source of income for communities in various regions in Indonesia. Pakpak Bharat Regency has agro-climatic conditions that are relatively suitable for gambier cultivation, but its development is not yet optimal in terms of production, marketing, and farmer institutions. This study aims to analyze the existing conditions of gambier cultivation, identify agronomic and socio-economic factors that influence its development, and formulate prospects and strategies for gambier development in Pakpak Bharat Regency. The research method uses a descriptive approach with data collection through field observations, interviews, and documentation studies, as well as a SWOT analysis to determine development strategies. The results show that Pakpak Bharat has considerable potential in terms of land suitability, labor availability, and increasing market opportunities. However, there are still obstacles in the form of low product quality, limited processing technology, and weak market access. The SWOT analysis shows that development strategies can be directed at improving farmer capabilities, modernizing processing, strengthening institutions, and expanding marketing networks. Thus, gambier plants have good development prospects in Pakpak Bharat Regency if supported by appropriate policies and technical interventions.

THE IMPLEMENTATION OF E-GOVERNANCE IN IMPROVING PUBLIC SERVICES AT THE MEDAN DENAI SUB-DISTRICT OFFICE MEDAN CITY

2026-01-06T04:53:59+00:00

The implementation of E-Governance in improving public services at the Medan Denai District Office, Medan City, represents a digital transformation effort aimed at creating a transparent, accountable, and efficient government through information technology. However, its application at the district level has not yet been fully optimized. This study aims to describe the implementation of E-Governance at the Medan Denai District Office and to identify the factors inhibiting its effectiveness. The research employs a qualitative approach using primary and secondary data collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. Data were analyzed using an interactive analysis model consisting of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. This study applies George C. Edward III’s policy implementation theory, which emphasizes four variables: communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure. The findings indicate that E-Governance implementation at the Medan Denai District Office remains suboptimal. Information technology has improved service efficiency but is not yet fully integrated. Transparency is limited due to the lack of accessible public information, while accountability mechanisms such as complaint and reporting systems remain manual. The main obstacles include limited human resource capacity, inadequate technological infrastructure, weak inter-stakeholder communication, and a bureaucratic structure that does not fully support digital systems. Strengthening human resources, improving infrastructure, and optimizing digital systems are necessary to enhance public service quality.

ANALYSIS OF CYBER THREAT AWARENESS LEVELS, PROTECTIVE BEHAVIOR, AND COMMUNICATION PREFERENCES AMONG THE DIGITAL SOCIETY IN SEMARANG CITY

2026-01-19T15:08:41+00:00

Digital transformation in Indonesia has increased access to technology while also expanding the risk of cyber threats. This study aims to analyze the relationship between cyber threat awareness, protective behavior, and digital security communication preferences among the digital society in Semarang City. The research method used an explanatory quantitative approach with Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) through SmartPLS 4.0, involving 100 active internet users as respondents. The results show that cyber threat awareness has a positive and significant effect on protective behavior (β = 0.847; p < 0.001) and digital security communication preferences (β = 0.822; p < 0.001). However, protective behavior did not significantly affect communication preferences (β = 0.159; p = 0.234) and did not mediate the relationship between awareness and communication preferences (β = 0.135; p = 0.294). These findings indicate an intention-behavior gap where awareness has not been fully applied in safe communication behavior. Theoretically, the results of this study reinforce the Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) and Technology Threat Avoidance Theory (TTAT), while practically emphasizing the importance of improving communication-based cyber literacy and awareness to build a resilient digital society.

CONSIDERATION OF AKHLAKUL KARIMAH USING PANCASILA STUDENT PROFILES

2025-11-13T04:46:44+00:00

The consideration method is a learning method that develops children's personalities into creative people with high morality. Starting when entering school age, because children are more required to have good religious values and morals when receiving education in schools, these roles include aspects of faith, worship and morals. While in the student environment there are still many children who say bad things, often fight and lack knowledge about worship. This study aims to improve the religious values and morals of early childhood and the obstacles faced by teachers in improving children's character using the independent curriculum in implementing the Pancasila student profile. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method with a type of field research. Data collection used through observation, interviews and documentation. The informants interviewed were 5 parents and 3 teachers as well as documentation from learning activities. From the results of the study based on the interview, the role of parents and teachers in improving religious values and morals in children based on the Pancasila student profile in the independent curriculum, among others, parents are very satisfied and grateful for the changes in their children after the teacher applies religious values and morals to the Pancasila student profile, as well as teachers who say that the class becomes conducive and children's bad words are no longer there, the character of children at school already reflects a very good Pancasila profile in accordance with religious values and morals with the Consideration of Morals method Using the Pancasila Student Profile at the Age of 4-5 Years at Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal Panongan 1 Kindergarten has succeeded in improving its students to have morals.

STUDENTS’ PERCEPTION OF THE USE OF ChatGPT AS A WRITING ASSISTANT IN EFL CLASSROOM OF GRADE IX AT SMP NEGERI 10 PEMATANGSIANTAR

2025-11-24T14:49:46+00:00

The rapid advancement of technology, particularly artificial intelligence (AI), has transformed English language learning, including the development of students’ writing skills. ChatGPT, an AI-based language model, has increasingly been used as a writing assistant to help learners generate ideas, organize text structure, improve grammar, and expand vocabulary. This study aims to explore the perceptions of ninth-grade students at SMP Negeri 10 Pematangsiantar regarding the use of ChatGPT as a writing assistant in an English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classroom. Employing a qualitative descriptive approach with a case study design, the study investigates students’ perceived usefulness (PU) and perceived ease of use (PEOU), guided by the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Data were collected through open-ended essay questionnaires distributed to 28 students who had received direct instructional exposure to ChatGPT through guided writing activities. The data were analyzed using Miles and Huberman’s interactive model, including data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that the majority of students hold positive perceptions of ChatGPT. In terms of PU, students reported that ChatGPT effectively supported idea generation, improved writing structure and grammar, expanded vocabulary, enhanced writing quality, and increased their confidence in writing English texts. ChatGPT was also perceived as helpful in overcoming writing difficulties and completing academic tasks more efficiently. Regarding PEOU, students stated that ChatGPT was easy to learn, accessible through mobile devices, and provided clear and understandable responses. Many students also felt comfortable using it independently without teacher supervision. Nevertheless, several challenges were noted, such as unstable internet connectivity and difficulties in formulating appropriate prompts. Overall, the results indicate that ChatGPT is well-accepted by students and has the potential to serve as an effective tool for supporting English writing instruction at the junior high school level. The study recommends guided and ethical integration of ChatGPT in EFL classrooms to prevent overreliance and promote critical engagement with AI-generated content.

THE EFFECT OF RISK PERCEPTION ON ATTITUDE, SUBJECTIVE NORM, AND INTENTION TO HOARD FOOD DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN SURABAYA

2025-12-01T07:00:32+00:00

Intention To Hoard Food Is A Desire When Consumers Try To Engage In Food Hoarding Behavior. Intention To Hoard Food Is A Stage Of Consumer Desire In Determining Their Behavior Before Making An Actual Purchase In A Retail Store. Intention To Hoard Food Can Occur Due To Several Things, Including Attitude And Subjective Norms, Which Are Influenced By Risk Perception. The Purpose Of This Study Was To Determine The Effect Of Risk Perception, Attitude, And Subjective Norm On Intention To Hoard Food Among Retail Consumers In Surabaya. The Population Used In This Study Is Retail Consumers In Surabaya. The Sampling Technique Used Quota Sampling With The Conditions That They Were 17 Years Old And Over And Domiciled In Surabaya. The Number Of Samples Studied Was 130 Consumers. The Exogenous Variable In This Study Is Risk Perception. The Endogenous Variables In This Study Were Attitude, Subjective Norm And Intention To Hoard Food. Furthermore, The Authors Processed The Research Data Using Smartpls 3 To Obtain Significant Conclusions Based On The Research Results. Based On The Calculated Hypothesis Testing, The Results Of This Study, Namely Risk Perception, Can Affect Attitude, Subjective Norm And Intention To Hoard Food. Risk Perception Can Also Influence Intention To Hoard Food Through Attitude And Subjective Norms As Mediators.

THE INFLUENCE OF WORKLOAD, WORK ABILITY, AND JOB TRAINING ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE AT PT SUMBER MAS INDAH PLYWOOD IN GRESIK

2025-12-30T02:38:13+00:00

This study aims to analyze the effect of Workload, Work Ability, and Job Training on Employee Performance at PT. Sumber Mas Indah Plywood in Gresik. The research employs a quantitative approach with an associative research design. The population of this study consists of all employees of PT. Sumber Mas Indah Plywood in Gresik, while the sample is determined using a purposive sampling technique with a total of 61 respondents who work at the head office. Data collection techniques include questionnaire distribution using a Likert scale and documentation to support the research data. Data analysis techniques comprise data quality testing, classical assumption testing, multiple linear regression analysis, partial testing, simultaneous testing, and coefficient of determination analysis. The results indicate that Workload, Work Ability, and Job Training have a significant effect on Employee Performance, both partially and simultaneously, with Work Ability identified as the dominant variable, and most of the variation in Employee Performance can be explained by these three variables..

EVALUATION OF THE INTEGRATED POPULATION COURT PROGRAM IN COLLABORATION WITH THE DISTRICT COURT (SEDU KOPI) AT THE POPULATION AND CIVIL REGISTRATION SERVICE IN BENER MERIAH

2026-01-18T00:49:51+00:00

This study aims to evaluate the Integrated Population Court Collaboration with the District Court (SEDU KOPI) Program implemented by the Population and Civil Registration Office of Bener Meriah Regency. This program is a form of public service innovation that aims to facilitate the public in processing population documents that require court decisions, such as name changes, birth certificate corrections, child recognition, and adoption, without having to come directly to the courthouse. This study uses a qualitative method with data collection techniques through interviews, observation, and documentation. Data analysis was conducted using William N. Dunn's public policy evaluation theory, which emphasizes three main indicators, namely effectiveness, efficiency, and equity. The results of the study indicate that the SEDU KOPI program is quite effective in providing convenience to the public because it shortens service time and increases access to population legal services. However, its implementation has not been optimal due to several obstacles, such as a minimal implementation budget, lack of socialization to the public, a low number of incoming applications, and a limited number of assigned judges. This condition resulted in irregular program implementation and even stopped. Based on the evaluation results, it can be concluded that the SEDU KOPI program is a beneficial and relevant innovation in improving the quality of population administration services. However, to ensure the program's sustainability, adequate budget support, improved inter-agency coordination, and intensified community outreach are needed to optimally achieve the program's primary objectives.

THE PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENCE BASED ON LOCAL WISDOM

2025-11-10T08:03:53+00:00

The philosophy of education plays a fundamental role in shaping the direction of knowledge development, including science that is grounded in the values of local wisdom. Human beings possess the innate capacity to think and continuously strive to enhance their knowledge. Naturally endowed with curiosity, humans constantly seek answers to their questions through the pursuit of knowledge, which in turn brings intellectual satisfaction in accordance with the demands of the times. Knowledge is not only about understanding facts but also about seeking truth through proper scientific inquiry. Learning through well-founded scientific reasoning is one of the ways humans pursue truth. This study aims to examine the essence of the philosophy of education in the development of science based on local wisdom. The surrounding natural environment gives rise to unique forms of local wisdom that serve as potential foundations for scientific development. Science—encompassing physics, chemistry, and biology—relies on scientific methods, logical reasoning, and systematic frameworks. This is where the philosophy of science becomes essential in studying, revealing, and solving scientific problems in human life.
Developing science based on local wisdom strengthens national identity, fosters ecological awareness, and cultivates learners who think scientifically while remaining rooted in their cultural heritage. This study discusses the importance of developing science based on local wisdom as a means of preserving natural resources, traditions, and cultural practices within society. Through a literature review approach, this paper explores the relevance between educational philosophy and the integration of local values in science education. The findings reveal that the philosophy of education plays a crucial role in framing the development of science that is not only oriented toward scientific rationality but also upholds moral, cultural, and spiritual values within society.

UTILIZATION OF PALM OIL MILL LIQUID WASTE (POME) AS AN ALTERNATIVE FUEL BIO COMPAC NATURAL GAS OR BIO-CNG

2025-11-23T01:07:01+00:00

Indonesia faces crucial challenges in energy security due to the increasingly alarming decline in oil reserves from around 3.6 billion barrels in 2000 to less than 2.5 billion barrels in 2023, while dependence on oil imports continues to burden the national energy balance and economy. Amid unstable global geopolitical conditions, including the Russia-Ukraine war and tensions in the Middle East that have caused fluctuating energy prices, the transition to local and sustainable energy sources has become a strategic priority. The Indonesian government has affirmed its commitment to achieving net-zero emissions by 2060 through various energy transition policies, including the development of renewable gas and the utilization of waste as an energy source. One of the major potentials that has not been optimally utilized is palm oil mill effluent (POME), which annually produces more than 500 million tons throughout Indonesia. POME contains a high concentration of organic matter that can be processed through anaerobic digestion to produce biogas, which is then purified and compressed into Bio-Compact Natural Gas (Bio-CNG). This study analyzes the potential of Bio-CNG technology from POME in three main dimensions: (1) conversion and storage technology, (2) economic analysis and feasibility of scale implementation at the palm oil mill level, and (3) its contribution to reducing GHG emissions and diversifying national energy. The study results show that by utilizing 70% of the total annual POME, the potential for Bio-CNG production reaches over 3.5 billion m³/year, equivalent to over 25% of current domestic natural gas consumption. Furthermore, the application of this technology can reduce CH3 emissions.₄from POME waste up to 80% and contributes significantly to the target of renewable energy (EBT) mix of 23% in 2025 and net zero in 2060. Economically, Bio-CNG shows competitive production costs (Rp25,000–35,000/m³) compared to industrial gas prices, especially with the presence of carbon incentives and carbon pricing mechanisms that are being developed. This study concludes that converting POME into Bio-CNG is not only a green technology solution but also a crucial energy security and climate mitigation strategy amidst uncertain global energy supplies and international decarbonization pressures. Policy recommendations include tax incentives, integration into the national gas grid, and mandatory regulation of waste energy utilization for the palm oil industry.

THE EFFECT OF LENDERS, QUICK RATIO, AND NPM ON PROFIT MANAGEMENT IN THE FOOD AND BEVERAGE SUB-SECTOR 2021-2024

2025-11-26T07:35:50+00:00

This study aims to analyze the effect of Long Term Debt to Equity Ratio (LTDER), Quick Ratio (QR), and Net Profit Margin (NPM) on earnings management in food and beverage sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period 2021–2024. Earnings management also fluctuated and tended to show negative values. The results of partial hypothesis testing (t-test) indicate that LTDER, Quick Ratio, and NPM have no significant effect on earnings management. The simultaneous test (F-test) also shows that the three independent variables together have no significant effect on earnings management. The coefficient of determination (R²) is 5.6%, which means that only a small portion of earnings management variation can be explained by LTDER, Quick Ratio, and NPM, while the remaining is influenced by other factors outside this study. Thus, it can be concluded that LTDER, Quick Ratio, and NPM are not the main determinants of earnings management practices in food and beverage sub-sector companies listed on the IDX for the period 2021–2024.

MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION MAKING FOR PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL OF HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS: A LITERATURE REVIEW

2025-12-20T03:45:24+00:00

This literature review synthesizes contemporary evidence on the application of Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) methodologies in the performance appraisal of healthcare professionals. Traditional appraisal systems are often critiqued for their limited ability to address the multifaceted nature of healthcare practice, which encompasses clinical competence, patient safety, ethical conduct, communication, and organizational contribution. A comprehensive analysis of seven studies published between 2019 and 2025 reveals that MCDM approaches, particularly AHP, TOPSIS, VIKOR, PROMETHEE, and fuzzy-based models, have been widely employed to structure complex appraisal processes involving multiple and sometimes conflicting criteria. These methods enhance transparency, consistency, and objectivity in appraisal systems, while facilitating the integration of expert judgment and stakeholder participation. Despite these advantages, significant implementation challenges persist, including the difficulty in defining relevant performance criteria, selecting appropriate MCDM methods, and achieving consensus among evaluators. While MCDM is well established in clinical decision-making and healthcare procurement, its direct application to healthcare professional appraisal remains underexplored. Evidence suggests that well-designed MCDM-based systems can improve decision quality and support organizational improvement in healthcare settings. However, empirical data on their impact on professional satisfaction and workforce development are limited, indicating a need for further research. This review underscores the potential of MCDM as a foundational framework for modernizing performance appraisal in healthcare, and identifies critical gaps for future scholarly inquiry

JOINT PROPERTY OWNERSHIP OF SPOUSES ACCORDING TO SHARIAH TRADITIONS AND PRINCIPLES IN MALAY REGION

2025-12-31T07:58:56+00:00

This study examines the interaction between the concept of shared property in Malay custom and the principle of "dhimmah maliyah" in sharia, aiming to analyze differences and similarities in the practice of joint property ownership. With the framework of legal pluralism and a socio-legal qualitative approach, the study found the formation of a hybrid system. The fundamental difference lies in the communal principle of customary versus individual sharia. The similarities are found in syncretic practices where customary principles dominate acquired property during marriage, while sharia principles are applied selectively to inherited property and inheritance, suggesting the existence of creative negotiations.

SUPPLY CHAIN ARCHITECTURE RECONFIGURATION: BUSINESS CONTINUITY MANAGEMENT (BCM) INTEGRATION AS A DETERMINANT OF OPERATIONAL RESILIENCE

2026-01-19T15:02:40+00:00

The escalating complexity of global supply chain networks has amplified corporate exposure to systemic disruptions, rendering traditional efficiency-centric paradigms such as Just-in-Time (JIT) increasingly vulnerable. This study interrogates the strategic imperative of integrating Business Continuity Management (BCM) within supply chain architecture to enhance organizational resilience. Utilizing a qualitative descriptive approach through a comprehensive literature review, this research delineates the transition from reactive risk mitigation to proactive adaptability. The analysis highlights that embedding ISO 22301 standards, executing rigorous Business Impact Analysis (BIA), and adopting supplier diversification strategies are critical determinants for sustaining operational continuity. The findings suggest that resilience is not merely a defensive mechanism but a strategic capability that requires the decoupling of supply chain dependencies through multi-tier visibility.

EFFORTS TO BUILD A BALANCE OF FAITH, KNOWLEDGE AND CHARITY IN THE INTEGRATIVE PARADIGM OF ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS EDUCATION CURRICULUM

2025-11-13T04:25:05+00:00

This study aims to analyze in depth the efforts to build a balance of Faith, Knowledge, and Practice in the integrative paradigm of the Islamic Religious Education (PAI) Curriculum in formal educational institutions. The background of the problem is based on the phenomenon of the dichotomy of knowledge that separates general knowledge and religion, which has implications for the moral crisis and low integrity of graduates (Assegaf, 2011: 271). The integrative paradigm is present as an epistemological solution to reunite knowledge under the umbrella of monotheism, making knowledge a means of strengthening faith and guiding good deeds (Al-Attas, 1993: 65; Annisa, 2019: 9). This qualitative research with a Case Study design was conducted in schools/madrasas that consistently implement the integrative PAI curriculum, with research subjects including principals, PAI teachers, general subject teachers, and students. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and documentation studies, then analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model (2014: 31). The results of the study indicate that the effort to achieve this balance is realized through a holistic curriculum design that explicitly links Islamic Religious Education (PAI) material with science, the transformation of knowledge into practice through a structured habituation program, and the need for close collaboration between teachers. Despite facing the challenges of fragmented material and limited teacher competencies, the success of this effort is highly dependent on visionary school leadership and the implementation of holistic evaluations that measure the cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains (Faith, Knowledge, and Practice). The study concluded that the successful implementation of an integrative Islamic Religious Education (PAI) curriculum is able to produce Perfect Humans who have harmony between the beliefs of the heart, intellectual intelligence, and moral practice (Daradjat, 2025: 145).

THE EFFECT OF FINANCIAL LITERACY AND POCKET MONEY ON STUDENTS' FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT BEHAVIOR THROUGH FINANCIAL SELF-EFFICACY (A STUDY OF ACTIVE FEB STUDENTS AT STATE UNIVERSITY OF MAKASSAR)

2025-11-23T14:44:18+00:00

This study examines the role of financial literacy and pocket money on students' financial management behavior, with financial self-efficacy as an intervening variable. The phenomenon of increasing student consumer behavior is the main background of this study. Using a quantitative explanatory approach with SEM-PLS analysis on 130 active students of the Faculty of Economics and Business, Makassar State University, the results show that financial literacy and pocket money have a positive effect on financial self-efficacy, and financial self-efficacy has a significant effect on financial management behavior. However, financial literacy does not have a direct effect without the mediation of financial self-efficacy. This means that the higher the financial literacy and pocket money accompanied by self-confidence in managing finances, the better the students' financial behavior in planning and controlling expenses wisely.

THE ROLE OF THE HEALTH SERVICE (DINKES) IN PREVENTING CASES OF STUDENT SUICIDE DEATHS IN BANDA ACEH

2025-12-04T05:39:19+00:00

The implementation of this study is aimed at looking at the role of the Banda Aceh City Health Office in preventing and controlling suicide cases using qualitative methods with descriptive research types. Informants in this study were the TK I/IIID Entemonologist Health Expert Young Field of Disease Prevention and Control of Mental Illness Control Section of the Banda Aceh City Health Office, as well as several stakeholders in Banda Aceh City, and data collection techniques in this study were carried out through interviews, observation, and documentation. The results of this study concluded that the role of the Banda Aceh City Health Office in preventing and controlling suicide cases was considered effective administratively and in action, but there were still some shortcomings in special programs, as well as data on satisfaction with government regulations, the achievement of overall objectives in the implementation of prevention and control of suicide cases carried out by the Banda Aceh City Health Office. This can be seen from several cases of student suicide deaths, this situation claimed several student victims in Banda Aceh, this can happen because stakeholders do not feel that there is a related role, the cases that arise are considered as a lack of faith in the perpetrators of suicide themselves, so that there is a blurring of the role of stakeholders that is seen in the aspect of prevention and control of student suicide cases in Banda Aceh, however, the Banda Aceh City Health Office has a special program to handle the mental health and soul of students in Banda Aceh in the new semester, socialization of mental health and mental health is carried out at every campus in Banda Aceh. The suggestions that the author provides are based on the research results found, especially to the Banda Aceh City Health Office to be more sensitive to the issue of student deaths in Banda Aceh because it is very possible that some of the deaths that occur are a solution for students to end their life problems, and for the Banda Aceh City government to budget funds to carry out socialization related to the prevention and control of suicide cases to campuses in Aceh, especially in Banda Aceh City, at least once a year, and it is hoped that they will provide consultation services or call centers.

EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT IN THE LIGHT OF ISLAMIC STANDARDS

2026-01-17T01:15:31+00:00

This article provides a comprehensive examination of educational management in the light of Islamic standards by exploring its theological, philosophical, and practical foundations derived from the Qur’an, the Hadith, and both classical and contemporary Muslim scholarship. Islamic standards emphasize that education is not solely the transmission of knowledge but also the cultivation of moral character, ethical behavior, and spiritual consciousness. Core principles such as tawhid (oneness of God), shura (consultation), amanah (trust and accountability), ‘adl (justice), and ihsan (excellence) serve as essential foundations for planning, organizing, leading, and evaluating educational institutions. This article further elaborates on prophetic leadership as an ideal model for educational administrators, the Tawhidic curriculum that integrates religious and worldly sciences, and teacher professionalism framed through the roles of mu’allim (knowledge transmitter), murabbi (character nurturer), and muaddib (ethics cultivator). The study also examines Islamic financial management through zakat, waqf, and voluntary charity as sustainable instruments for educational development.

CHANGES IN RAINFALL ON PLANTING AREA AND OIL PALM PRODUCTION IN THE HIGHLANDS OF DELI SERDANG DISTRICT, NORTH SUMATRA

2025-11-08T13:40:26+00:00

The research was conducted from February to April 2024 in Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra Province. Rainfall is a very important climatic factor in influencing crop growth and production, including oil palm. The purpose of this study was to examine how rainfall affects the planting area and production of oil palm in the highlands of North Sumatra. The study used secondary data in the form of information on planting area and production in Deli Serdang Regency during 2019-2023, obtained from the Deli Serdang Regency Agriculture Office and the Food Security and Horticulture Office, as well as the Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Agency in Deli Serdang, North Sumatra. The results showed that there was a negative correlation between rainfall and oil palm planting area and production, with values of -0.599 and -0.645, respectively. This means that there is a moderate negative relationship between rainfall and oil palm planting area and production, where higher rainfall results in lower oil palm planting area and production, although this is not statistically significant.

THE ROLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING IN SUPPORTING COMPANY ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE

2025-11-23T00:16:32+00:00

This study aims to analyze the strategic role of Environmental Management Accounting (EMA) in supporting corporate Environmental Performance (EP). With the increasing importance of environmental sustainability and pressure from stakeholders, companies are encouraged to integrate environmental accountability into their decision-making processes, particularly in addressing global issues such as the increase in electronic waste (e-waste). Using a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) of 20 research articles published between 2021 and 2025, the results of this study indicate that EMA has a significant positive impact on corporate environmental performance. EMA serves as a comprehensive information system that identifies, measures, and analyzes environmental costs (monetary) and physical data (such as waste and emissions). The implementation of EMA not only helps companies manage resources efficiently, reduce waste, and improve regulatory compliance, but also encourages Green Innovation, which acts as a key mediating pathway for improving environmental performance. The effectiveness of EMA is strengthened by several factors, namely top management support, institutional and regulatory pressure, and stakeholder integration. In addition, the influence of EMA on environmental performance is found to be stronger in developing countries compared to developed countries. Conceptually, the role of EMA is supported by Legitimacy Theory and Stakeholder Theory, as well as the Natural Resource-Based View (NRBV) perspective. Thus, this study confirms that EMA is an essential strategic sustainability tool in supporting the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 12 and 13, namely Responsible Consumption and Production and Addressing Climate Change.

LIBRARY RESEARCH: A HISTORICAL-REFLECTIVE ANALYSIS OF THE CHANGES IN THE PARADIGM OF INDONESIAN EDUCATION FROM THE BEGINNING OF INDEPENDENCE TO THE DIGITAL ERA

2025-11-26T07:28:52+00:00

This study examines the paradigm shift in Indonesian education from independence to the digital era through a literature review employing a historical-reflective approach. This study aims to trace the dynamics of national education development and understand how the humanistic values that have been the foundation of education since independence have transformed to face the demands of modernization and technology. Library research methods involve examining scientific articles, historical documents, and related publications to identify patterns of policy change, curriculum focus, and educational orientation. The results show that each historical phase has its own emphasis: the early independence period focused on the formation of national character, the New Order emphasized curriculum stability and centralization, the Reformation era introduced decentralization and flexibility in education, while the digital era demands technological literacy, 21st-century competencies, and the strengthening of digital ethics. Although digitalization opens up opportunities for more flexible and collaborative learning, gaps in infrastructure and educator capacity remain challenges that can widen disparities in education quality between regions. This study emphasizes the importance of integrating historical, humanistic, and technological innovation values to realize an education that is adaptive, inclusive, and relevant to future needs.

CANVA AS A DIGITAL LEARNING MEDIUM TO DEVELOP STUDENT CREATIVITY AT AL-AZHAR MEDAN HIGH SCHOOL

2025-12-20T03:40:36+00:00

This study aims to describe the role of Canva as a digital learning medium in developing student creativity at the high school level. The background of this study is based on the educational needs in the digital era, which demands interactive and engaging learning that can foster 21st-century skills, especially creativity. The research method used was descriptive qualitative with 15 students from class XII of Al-Azhar Medan High School as subjects. Data were obtained through questionnaires and observations of creativity indicators, including learning motivation, originality, idea elaboration, flexibility of thinking, and cooperation. The results showed that the use of Canva had a positive impact on the development of student creativity. A total of 90% of students showed high levels of motivation, originality, idea elaboration, flexibility, and cooperation. Canva helps students express creative ideas through attractive visual designs and increases participation and collaboration in groups. The obstacles found were mainly related to internet access and initial understanding of Canva's features, but these can be overcome through teacher guidance and independent exploration. Overall, this study concludes that Canva is effective as a digital learning medium that can enhance creativity and learning motivation among high school students, and is relevant for application in the context of innovative learning based on the Merdeka Belajar (Freedom of Learning) curriculum and the Deep Learning Approach.

SOIL CHARACTERISTICS OF UDIPSAMMENTS AND LAND SUITABILITY EVALUATION FOR MAIZE IN THE ALAS RIVER RIPARIAN ZONE, ACEH TENGGARA

2025-12-31T06:16:47+00:00

The increase in national corn demand has triggered the utilisation of marginal land, including riverbank areas. This study aims to identify soil characteristics and evaluate land suitability for corn (Zea mays L.) cultivation in the Alas River border area, Southeast Aceh Regency. The research method used is descriptive exploratory with field surveys through pedon (soil profile) creation and laboratory analysis of soil physical and chemical properties. Morphological observations showed soil profiles developed from fluvial sedimentation material with A1, A2, C, and R horizons. Based on USDA Soil Taxonomy, the soil at the study site was classified into the Entisol order, Psamments suborder, and Udipsamments great group, dominated by sand fractions (78.42%–89.30%). Chemical analysis results show that the soil has an acidic pH (4.53–4.86), very low organic carbon content (0.15%–0.71%), and low cation exchange capacity. Based on the matching method, the land suitability class for maize cultivation is determined as N1 (currently unsuitable) with the main limiting factors being shallow effective depth (30 cm), very sandy soil texture, acidic pH, and low organic matter content. However, land potential can be improved through appropriate management strategies, such as liming to raise pH and adding organic fertiliser to increase water and nutrient retention capacity.

EMPOWERMENT OF FEMALE EMPING ARTISANS: OBSTACLES AND CHALLENGES FACED

2026-01-19T14:51:50+00:00

The problem in this study is the suboptimal empowerment of female melinjo emping artisans in Gampong Kandang, Kembang Tanjong District, Pidie Regency, which is characterized by limited access to capital, the use of traditional production technology, and marketing that is still dependent on collectors, resulting in low welfare improvements for female artisans. The focus of this study is directed at the empowerment of female melinjo emping artisans based on Hasdiansyah's community empowerment theory which includes the dimensions of education and training, access to capital, infrastructure, and entrepreneurship promotion, as well as obstacles faced in the empowerment process. This study aims to analyze the empowerment of female melinjo emping artisans in improving welfare and identify obstacles faced in its implementation. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation, with informants consisting of village government officials, related agencies, community leaders, and female artisans. The results of the study indicate that the empowerment of female melinjo emping artisans has been ongoing but is not optimal, which is characterized by unsustainable training and guidance, limited access to capital, inadequate production facilities, and product marketing that has not developed due to limited use of information technology. Key obstacles include limited knowledge, dominant domestic roles, low institutional participation, and unequal economic access. Therefore, women's empowerment requires a structured, planned, and sustainable approach through government support in providing access to capital, advanced training, strengthening business group institutions, and enhancing digital marketing to increase economic independence and family well-being.

THE IMPACT OF ELECTRONIC WORDOF MOUTH (e-WOM) ON HOTEL ROOM PURCHASE DECISIONS AT TRAVELOKA AT HOTEL PARKSIDE PETROGAYO HOTEL TAKENGON

2025-11-12T23:14:26+00:00

This study examines the influence of Electronic Word of Mouth (e-WOM) on hotel room purchase decisions on Traveloka, especially at the Parkside Petro Gayo Takengon Hotel. The phenomenon of increasing internet and e-commerce users has changed consumer behavior, making online reviews and recommendations a crucial factor in hotel purchase decisions. The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze the positive and significant influence of e-WOM on hotel room purchase decisions on Traveloka at the Parkside Petro Gayo Takengon Hotel. Identifying e-WOM factors that influence purchase decisions, namely Intensity, Valence of Opinion, and Content. This study uses a quantitative approach by distributing questionnaires to 100 respondents, namely tourists who booked hotel rooms at Parkside Petro Gayo Takengon through Traveloka. Data were analyzed using validity tests, reliability tests, classical assumptions (normality, multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity), and multiple linear regression analysis. The results of the hypothesis test show that Intensity, Valence of Opinion, and Content positively and significantly influence hotel room purchase decisions on Traveloka at the Parkside Petro Gayo Takengon Hotel. The higher the intensity of information, the more positive the valence of opinion, and the better the information content, the more it increases consumer purchasing decisions.

MIGRATION TRADITION AND FAMILY ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT: A CASE STUDY OF THE MINANGKABAU COMMUNITY FROM AN ISLAMIC ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVE

2025-11-23T01:41:30+00:00

The migration tradition is an integral part of Minangkabau identity, intertwining customary values, religious principles, and family economic strategies. This study aims to analyze the role of the migration tradition in strengthening family economics from an Islamic economic perspective. Using a qualitative case study approach with six migrant informants, data were collected through in-depth interviews and participatory observation, and analyzed using the Miles and Huberman interactive model. The findings reveal that migration is driven by religious motivation, family responsibility, and an Islamic work ethic grounded in the principles of kasb (lawful earning), maslahah, and tawazun. Migrant activities—including remittance sending and involvement in social organizations—significantly enhance family welfare, reinforce social solidarity, and preserve customary and religious values. The synthesis of findings indicates that the Minangkabau migration tradition forms a community-based moral economic model that is harmonious, sustainable, and rooted in Islamic economic principles

THE EFFECT OF A PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING MODEL ON STUDENTS' CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS IN PHYSICAL FITNESS GYMNASTICS MATERIAL AT SMP NEGERI 1 LAWE SIGALA-GALA

2025-11-26T08:14:55+00:00

This study aimed to determine the effect of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model on students' critical thinking skills within the context of Physical Fitness Gymnastics, a component of Physical Education (PE). Employing a quasi-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest approach, the research was conducted with 30 eighth-grade students from SMP Negeri 1 Lawe Sigala-Gala, selected via total sampling. The intervention consisted of a series of lessons on the "Indonesian Fantastic Children's Gymnastics" (Senam Anak Indonesia Hebat) delivered using the PBL model, where students worked collaboratively to solve authentic problems related to gymnastic sequences, techniques, and health benefits. Critical thinking skills, operationalized through five indicators—analysis, reasoning, evaluation, reflection, and decision-making—were measured using a validated essay test. The results indicated a substantial increase in the mean score from 48.7 in the pretest to 76.7 in the posttest. A paired-sample t-test revealed a statistically significant difference between the pretest and posttest scores (t (29) = 15.87, p < 0.05), with the t-value exceeding the critical t-table value of 2.04. This leads to the conclusion that the implementation of the Problem-Based Learning model has a significant positive effect on enhancing students' critical thinking skills in the subject of physical fitness gymnastics. The findings advocate for the integration of PBL as an effective pedagogical strategy in the PE curriculum to foster higher-order thinking skills alongside physical proficiency.

ANALYSIS OF ECONOMIC VALUE OF THE CONTINGENT VALUATION METHOD APPROACH IN TABLOLONG BEACH TOURISM, WEST KUPANG DISTRICT, KUPANG REGENCY

2025-12-24T07:05:50+00:00

Tourism in East Nusa Tenggara is still very natural, there are many natural tourist destinations that can provide nuances of beauty and coolness. One of them is Tablolong Beach which is located in Tablolong Village, West Kupang District, Kupang Regency. This beach is very large and is never quiet and visited by tourists who come from various regions. Tablolong Beach has a fairly calm wave with a stretch of white sand mixed with soft chocolate. The condition of the sand is quite wide and sloping, so it allows you to do various exciting activities. In addition to being a recreational event, tablolong beach is known as a fishing tourism village because the coast is open sea and has abundant marine potential, so it is not surprising that many visitors every week visit and fish on this beach, but since the covid19 pandemic the condition of this tourist beach has begun to become quiet, this has given the economic effect of tourism to decrease. This research was conducted at the Tablolong Beach tourist attraction located in West Kupang District, Kupang Regency. This study aims firstly to analyze visitor assessments of Tablolong Beach tourist destinations and where visitors come, second to analyze the economic value of Tablolong Beach Ecotourism with the Contingent Valuation Method approach. The sampling technique used in this study uses Accidental Sampling. The analysis method used in this study is a quantitative descriptive research using the Contingent Valuation method.

The results of this study concluded that the general assessment of visitors towards Tablolong Beach Ecotourism tourism was quite good. With the highest percentage of visitor answers of 65.80%. The majority of visitors as many as 62% come from the Kupang City area and as many as 38% come from outside Kupang City. The economic value of Tablolong Beach Ecotourism tourism with the Contingent Assessment Method approach, which can be known from the total income of the visitor's Willingness to Pay (WTP) is Rp. 2.230.203.600 per month. The number will increase on holidays and days where there are activities or events.

THE INFLUENCE OF PUBLIC SERVICE QUALITY ON PUBLIC SATISFACTION AT THE PEDAMAI VILLAGE OFFICE, STABAT DISTRICT, LANGKAT REGENCY

2026-01-09T23:57:27+00:00

The quality of public services is a key indicator in assessing the effectiveness of government. Good service can increase public trust in the government and have a positive impact on social stability. Quality public services not only meet the needs of the community but also reflect the government's commitment to creating prosperity. One important element in public administration is the quality of service, namely quality services that include timely, fair, transparent, easily accessible, provided politely and friendly with predetermined standards. At the Perdamaian Village Office, Stabat District, Langkat Regency, there are still several public complaints regarding the speed of service, service procedures, which indicate the need to improve service quality. This condition has the potential to affect public satisfaction. This study aims to analyze the effect of public service quality on public satisfaction at the Perdamaian Village Office, Stabat District, Langkat Regency. The research method used is a quantitative approach with data collection techniques through questionnaires to 100 respondents determined using the Slovin formula. Data analysis using simple linear regression showed a significance value of 0.000 (<0.05) with a coefficient of determination (R2 ⁾of 0.607. The results of the study show that the quality of public services has a significant influence on public satisfaction by 60.7%, while 39.3% is influenced by other factors outside this study such as employee performance, infrastructure, service policies, and management systems.

PEDAGOGICAL HERMENEUTICS: A NEW FOUNDATION IN THE INTERPRETATION AND APPLICATION OF CHRISTIAN RELIGIOUS EDUCATION (CRE)

2026-01-24T03:45:06+00:00

Pedagogical Hermeneutics seeks to bridge the gap between the biblical text and the educational context through a dialogical process involving the educator, the learner, and the Word of God. In this approach, interpretation does not merely focus on the historical and theological meaning of the text but also on the existential transformation of the learner involved in it. Pedagogical Hermeneutics emphasizes that every process of faith learning is an act of interpretation oriented toward personal and communal transformation. Christian education does not stop at the transfer of biblical knowledge but becomes a reflective space in which learners encounter the living God through the text. The educator acts as a facilitator who helps learners interpret life experiences in the light of the Gospel so that the meaning of the Bible is not reduced to mere information but becomes inspiration and life transformation. This approach also demands an integration between modern hermeneutical theories such as those of Gadamer and Ricoeur and contextual Christian pedagogical praxis. Pedagogical Hermeneutics, therefore, reaffirms the function of the Bible not only as a theological text but also as an educational text that shapes faith consciousness. This paper aims to affirm the relevance of the hermeneutical approach in faith learning that is reflective, participatory, and transformative. This study employs a qualitative descriptive method through theological and pedagogical literature analysis.

THE ROLE OF THE BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS IN IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF FINANCIAL REPORTS: THE INFLUENCE OF AGE, EXPERIENCE AND EDUCATION ON TRADE, SERVICES AND INVESTMENT COMPANIES

2025-11-19T09:59:05+00:00

This study aims to determine the effect of age, experience, and education of board commissioners on the quality of financial reports in companies in the trading, service, and investment sectors listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The method used in this study is descriptive quantitative. The population of this study are companies in the trading, service, and investment sectors listed on the IDX. The sample size is 49. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression The results of this study are the t-count value I is greater than the t-table value (-0.117 smaller than I 2.028) and the significant value of 0.907 I is greater than 0.05 I indicates that age partially has no effect on the quality of financial reports. The t-count value I is greater than the t-table value (-0.570 smaller than I 2.028) and the significant value of 0.570 I is greater than 0.05 I indicates that experience partially has no effect on the quality of financial reports. The t-count value I is greater than the t-table value (-0.874 smaller than I 2.028) and the significant value of 0.385 greater than 0.05 I indicates that education has partially no effect on the quality of financial reports. According to Table 3, the calculated F value for each variable (age, experience, and education of the board of commissioners) is 0.408, with a significance level of 0.748, which is greater than 0.05. Therefore, it can be concluded that each independent variable (age, experience, and education of the board of commissioners) simultaneously has no effect on the dependent variable (financial reporting quality).

STUDENTS’ ANXIETY IN ENGLISH SPEAKING AMONG GRADE XI STUDENTS AT SMAN 3 PEMATANGSIANTAR

2025-11-24T15:03:57+00:00

Speaking anxiety is one of the major affective barriers that hinder students’ oral performance in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classrooms. This study aims to investigate the levels, forms, and contributing factors of speaking anxiety among Grade XI students at SMAN 3 Pematangsiantar. Using a qualitative approach with a phenomenological design, data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, and classroom observations. The findings reveal that students experience a high level of speaking anxiety influenced by five interrelated factors: psychological, linguistic, pedagogical, sociocultural, and environmental. Psychological factors such as fear of making mistakes, low self-confidence, and fear of negative evaluation emerged as the most dominant contributors. Linguistic limitations, particularly vocabulary shortages, pronunciation difficulties, and grammatical concerns, also increased students’ hesitation to speak. Pedagogical aspects, including teacher correction styles, unclear task instructions, and difficult speaking tasks, further intensified anxiety. Sociocultural influences, such as peer judgment and cultural norms of silence, shaped students’ reluctance to speak, while environmental conditions like large class sizes and limited speaking opportunities outside the classroom exacerbated the problem. The study concludes that speaking anxiety is a complex and multidimensional issue requiring comprehensive support from teachers and institutions. Creating a more supportive, communicative, and low-anxiety classroom environment is essential for improving students’ speaking confidence and fluency.

EXPLORING MERCHANT PREFERENCES IN DECISIONS TO PURCHASE PINEAPPLES FROM FARMERS IN SENURO VILLAGE

2025-12-13T02:39:26+00:00

This study was motivated by the importance of exploring traders' preferences in purchasing pineapples from farmers as an effort to strengthen the marketing chain and increase the competitiveness of local pineapple products in Senuro Village. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors that influence traders' decisions in purchasing pineapples in Senuro Village, Tanjung Batu District, Ogan Ilir Regency. This study used a survey method with a descriptive approach, involving four traders as samplings who were selected purposively. Data were collected through structured interviews using questionnaires, then analyzed descriptively and qualitatively to interpret patterns of trader preferences. The results showed five main factors that influence traders' decisions, namely quality, supply continuity, price, trust and relationships, and marketing risk. Quality is the most dominant factor because it is directly related to the fruit grading system, selling value, and market acceptance. Supply continuity is also important to maintain business stability, especially for traders who supply to markets outside the region. Price plays a secondary role after quality is met. In addition, trust between farmers and traders and the ability to manage marketing risks also influence the sustainability or strengthening of cooperative relationships.

THE INFLUENCE OF INTERNAL LOCUS OF CONTROL, EXTERNAL LOCUS OF CONTROL, AND COMPENSATION ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE AT PT KEDAUNG SATRYA MOTOR IN SURABAYA

2025-12-30T02:49:24+00:00

This study aims to analyze the influence of Internal Locus Of Control, External Locus Of Control, and Compensation on Employee Performance at PT. Kedaung Satrya Motor in Surabaya. The type of research used is quantitative research with an associative approach. The population in this study consists of all employees of PT. Kedaung Satrya Motor in Surabaya, totaling 80 employees, and the entire population was used as the research sample through a census sampling technique. Data collection was conducted through the distribution of questionnaires using a Likert scale, supported by observation and documentation. The data analysis techniques included data quality testing, classical assumption testing, multiple linear regression analysis, partial testing, simultaneous testing, and coefficient of determination testing using SPSS software. The results of the study indicate that Internal Locus Of Control, External Locus Of Control, and Compensation partially have a significant effect on Employee Performance, and simultaneously all three variables have a significant effect on Employee Performance, with Compensation being the most dominant variable.

IMPLEMENTATION OF AN INTELLIGENT SYSTEM TO PREDICT PRODUCT DEMAND WITH THE BACKPROPAGATION NEURAL NETWORK ALGORITHM

2026-01-19T13:25:53+00:00

Accurate production prediction is essential in product sales efforts, especially food products whose raw materials have a short shelf life. This paper aims to present a system application model based on the Neural Network algorithm to predict the number of Siomay sales in the future, as a reference for preparing raw materials appropriately. The prediction uses historical data as system training data. The Neural Network trial used 357 historical sales data, 7 initial data used as references, 315 data as training data, and 35 latest data as test data. The neural network input variables were the average sales of the previous 7 days, sales value 1 to 3 days before, the end of the month, identification of discount/benefit days, and weekends. This research methodology includes data collection, pre-processing through data normalization to a scale of [0, 1], and designing a neural network architecture consisting of an input layer, a hidden layer, and an output layer. The Backpropagation algorithm was used to train the network by iteratively updating weights to minimize error values using the Mean Squared Error (MSE). Test results show that the BPNN model is capable of recognizing demand patterns with a high degree of accuracy. Optimal parameters such as learning rate, number of epochs, and number of neurons in the hidden layer significantly influence convergence speed and prediction accuracy. This system is expected to be a management tool for making more accurate and efficient inventory procurement decisions.

FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE BRAND SWITCHING BEHAVIOR OF TRI MOBILE CARD USERS AMONG STUDENTS OF THE FACULTY OF ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS, MALIKUSSALEH UNIVERSITY

2025-11-10T08:20:45+00:00

This study aims to analyze the influence of price, product quality, consumer satisfaction, and variety seeking tendencies on brand switching decisions. A case study was conducted on 100 Tri card users at the Faculty of Economics and Business, Malikussaleh University. Data were collected through an online questionnaire and analyzed using the Partial Least Square (PLS) method. The results showed that price did not have a significant influence on brand switching decisions. This indicates that consumer perceptions of price, whether considered expensive or competitive, were not a major factor in brand switching decisions. Conversely, product quality was proven to have a positive and significant influence on brand switching decisions. Signal quality, network stability, data package durability, and service features were the dominant factors that encouraged consumers to switch to another brand. Consumer satisfaction did not have a significant influence on brand switching decisions, which means that even though consumers were quite satisfied, this did not guarantee they would remain loyal to using Tri cards. In addition, variety seeking also did not have a significant influence on brand switching decisions. Thus, brand switching decisions among Tri card users were more influenced by product quality aspects than by price, satisfaction, or the tendency to try new products.

REPRESENTATION OF WOMEN LEADERSHIP IN RATIH KUMALA’S GADIS KRETEK: A SARA MILLS CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS

2025-11-23T01:34:02+00:00

The existence of women is an issue that is often discussed in all circles, one of which is related to women's leadership. In addition to equalizing women's rights, it is important to realize gender equality in all fields, including through the field of literature. Through the descriptive qualitative method, this research aims to reveal the figure of women as leaders in the novel Gadis Kretek by Ratih Kumala with Sara Mills' critical discourse analysis theory. This type of research is qualitative research. The data source is Gadis Kretek novel by Ratih Kumala. The data are in the form of words, phrases, sentences, monologues, and dialogues that appear through the thoughts and actions of the characters. The results show the figure of a leader through the character Dasiyah as a subject who is firm in making decisions, initiative, authority, innovation, and empathy. The figure of women in this novel is not limited to domestic roles, but public roles as leaders of the kretek business. Meanwhile, women also have the potential to become objects, despite their role as leaders. The position of women as objects can be seen based on the images of women who are used as visual objects of clove products as well as objects of subordination in social and family relations. Thus, this research provides an overview of the potential and struggle of women as leaders amid the dominance of patriarchal power and reveals the importance of recognizing the role of women as leaders in society.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BODY FLEXIBILITY AND OVERHEAD PASSING ACCURACY IN VOLLEYBALL AMONG GRADE XI STUDENTS OF SMK NEGERI 4 KUTACANE

2025-11-26T08:08:06+00:00

This correlational study investigates the relationship between body flexibility and the accuracy of overhead passing in volleyball. The research was conducted on a population and sample of 12 Grade XI students from SMK Negeri 4 Kutacane, selected via total sampling. Body flexibility was quantitatively measured using the standard Sit and Reach test, which primarily assesses the flexibility of the lower back and hamstring muscles. Overhead passing accuracy was evaluated through a targeted passing test, where students aimed to pass the ball accurately to a designated target area. Data analysis commenced with a Shapiro-Wilk normality test to confirm the data's parametric nature, followed by a Pearson Product-Moment correlation analysis. The results revealed a very strong, positive, and statistically significant correlation between the two variables (r = 0.872, p = 0.000). This finding indicates that higher levels of body flexibility are strongly associated with greater accuracy in performing overhead passes in volleyball. The discussion posits that enhanced flexibility allows for better body control, a wider range of motion, and more precise upper-body positioning, all of which are critical for effective overhead passing. Consequently, the study strongly recommends incorporating systematic and regular flexibility training, focusing on the lower back, hamstrings, and shoulder girdle, into volleyball training regimens for novice players to fundamentally improve their technical skills.

PREVENTION OF BULLISHING IN THE SCHOOL ENVIRONMENT UNIT

2025-12-24T06:58:22+00:00

This service aims to provide insight to students at SMA 4 Kisaran. The background to this service is the Prevention of Bullying in School Environmental Units. Preventing bullying in the school environment is very important to create a learning atmosphere that is safe, comfortable and supports student development. Preventing bullying in the school environment is not only the school's responsibility, but also involves parents, students and society as a whole. The method used in this service is legal education by conveying information regarding laws and regulations related to preventing bullying in the school environment. The results of the activity show that students are very enthusiastic in this activity as seen from several questions asked to the presenters, and it can be concluded that the participants understand the prevention of bullying in the school environment.

APPLICATION OF INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS (DEEP LEARNING) TOWARDS THE USE OF AI APPLICATIONS IN DAILY LIFE (PANCABUDI UNIVERSITY MEDAN)

2026-01-09T15:56:45+00:00

As technology advances in this digital era, technology has become a very important thing for human life and has a dependency, marked by the use of digital machines that cause very rapid, significant changes to all sectors of human life, making it easier for humans to carry out activities and have dependencies. Artificial intelligence or better known as AI (Artificial Intelligence) is a major supporter in the development of intelligent systems (Intelligence Systems) that increase efficiency and innovation in various sectors of life. Therefore, the latest advances in AI's predictive capabilities can create a productive work environment. Although AI offers great potential to encourage innovation and better decision-making, there are also challenges in the use of AI such as ethical issues, data security, and infrastructure limitations that must be overcome to ensure responsible use.

SENTIMENT ANALYSIS OF TIX ID APPLICATION REVIEWS USING NAIVE BAYES AND SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE

2026-01-20T11:43:12+00:00

TIX ID is an online cinema ticket purchasing application that plays on a smartphone platform. Where users can buy cinema tickets anywhere and anytime without having to wait in line. The concept of purchasing cinema tickets is integrated with a third party, namely DANA as a digital money concept that is integrated with several large applications such as Tokopedia and Shopee. This study aims to Conduct text preprocessing (NLP) on TIX ID application user review data so that the data is ready to be used in the sentiment analysis process, Extract text features using the Term Frequency–Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF) method to represent reviews in numeric form, Apply the Naive Bayes and Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithms in classifying user review sentiments into positive and negative categories, Evaluate the performance of the Naive Bayes and Support Vector Machine (SVM) models using accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score metrics, Provides an overview of user sentiment towards the TIX ID application as a consideration for developers in improving the quality and service of the application.

THE INFLUENCE OF ADVERTISING, BRAND IMAGE, AND PRICE ON CONSUMER LOYALTY OF HM SAMPOERNA CIGARETTES IN THE PEOPLE OF LHOKSEUMAWE

2025-11-14T08:11:57+00:00

This research aims to determine the influence of advertising, brand image and price on consumer loyalty for HM Sampoerna cigarettes in the people of Lhokseumawe City. The research method used is a quantitative method with a survey approach. This research was conducted on all consumers who consumed HM Sampoerna cigarettes in the city of Lhokseumawe, totaling 100 consumers. The data used in this research is primary data obtained by distributing questionnaires directly to 100 respondents. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis using the Statistical Program for Product and Service Solution (SPSS) software. Where all these variables will be used using a Likert scale. The research results show that advertising, brand image and price together have a positive and significant effect on consumer loyalty for HM Sampoerna cigarettes. With an advertising regression value of 0.728 and a significant value of 0.000. This shows that advertising has a positive and significant effect on consumer loyalty, so the more attractive and effective the advertising for HM Sampoerna cigarettes, the higher the consumer loyalty to the brand. Brand image has a regression value of 0.269 with a significance value of 0.041. This shows that brand image has a positive and significant effect on consumer loyalty, so a good brand image can increase consumer loyalty. Price has a regression value of 0.478 with a significance value of 0.000. This shows that price has a positive and significant effect on consumer loyalty, so the price given by HM Sampoerna is in accordance with the product quality that consumers receive, which can increase consumer loyalty.

TEACHERS' AND STUDENTS' PERCEPTION TOWARDS DEEP LEARNING PARADIGM WITHIN ICT IN ELT AT SMA N 2 PEMATANGSIANTAR

2025-11-24T14:53:23+00:00

The rapid integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in education has prompted a paradigm shift in English Language Teaching (ELT), including the implementation of the Deep Learning framework introduced by the Indonesian Ministry of Education in 2024. This study aims to explore teachers’ and students’ perceptions toward the application of the Deep Learning paradigm within ICT-supported ELT at SMA Negeri 2 Pematangsiantar. A qualitative survey design was employed, involving interviews with two English teachers and questionnaires distributed to 109 eleventh-grade students. The findings reveal that both teachers and students generally hold positive perceptions toward the Deep Learning approach, particularly in the dimensions of mindful, meaningful, and joyful learning. Teachers perceive the paradigm as a refinement rather than a novel concept, although their understanding of its principles varies. Questionnaire results indicate high levels of agreement across the three dimensions: Joyful Learning (87.16%), Meaningful Learning (85.57%), and Mindful Learning (84.59%). However, several challenges emerged, including students’ limited metacognitive awareness, low confidence in applying English in real contexts, and passive participation during classroom activities. ICT was perceived as an essential tool that enhances engagement, supports assessment practices, and increases learning motivation, though its pedagogical application remains predominantly surface-level. Overall, the study concludes that the Deep Learning paradigm, when supported by ICT, positively influences learning experiences in ELT and demonstrates potential as an effective instructional approach. Strengthening teacher training and developing ICT-based instructional strategies are recommended to optimize implementation and foster deeper learning outcomes.

THE INFLUENCE OF ACCOUNTING INFORMATION SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION, FINANCIAL LITERACY, AND INTERNAL CONTROL ON THE QUALITY OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF TANGERANG REGENCY MSMES

2025-12-03T13:36:46+00:00

MSMEs, or micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises, are essential to Tangerang Regency's economic growth. However, a lot of MSME owners still struggle to produce high-quality financial statements because of poor internal control, low accounting awareness, incomplete technology utilisation, and inaccurate records. Their capacity to evaluate business situations, control cash flow, and develop long-term strategies is impacted by this circumstance. Thus, the purpose of this study is to examine how internal control, financial literacy, and the use of Accounting Information Systems (AIS) affect the quality of MSMEs' financial statements in Tangerang Regency. Purposive sampling was used to identify 200 MSME respondents for this quantitative study. A standardised Likert-scale questionnaire was used to gather the data, and SPSS was used for analysis, which included multiple linear regression and traditional assumption tests. The model is suitable for additional study when classical assumption testing reveals that the data satisfy the conditions for autocorrelation, heteroscedasticity, multicollinearity, and normality. According to the regression results, the quality of financial statements is positively and significantly impacted by AIS adoption (β = 0.315; Sig. = 0.000), financial literacy (β = 0.291; Sig. = 0.000), and internal control (β = 0.348; Sig. = 0.000). The biggest predictor is internal control, suggesting that regular assessments, job segregation, and monitoring systems are essential to guaranteeing the dependability and correctness of MSME financial reporting. Additionally, the F-test shows that all three variables have an impact on financial statement quality at the same time (Sig. = 0.000). The three variables account for 53.9% of the variation in financial statement quality, whereas other factors not included in the model account for 46.1%, according to the coefficient of determination (R² = 0.539).

THE INFLUENCE OF SELF EFFICACY, KNOWLEDGE SHARING, AND HUMAN RELATIONS ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE AT PT ABDAEL NUSA IN SURABAYA

2025-12-30T02:41:54+00:00

This study aims to analyze the effect of Self Efficacy, Knowledge Sharing, and Human Relations on employee performance at PT. Abdael Nusa in Surabaya, both partially and simultaneously. The type of research employed is quantitative research with an associative approach. The population of this study consists of all employees of PT. Abdael Nusa in Surabaya totaling 67 employees, and the entire population was used as the research sample through the census sampling technique. Data collection techniques included questionnaire distribution, documentation, and literature review. The data analysis techniques used comprised data quality testing, classical assumption testing, multiple linear regression analysis, partial testing, simultaneous testing, and coefficient of determination analysis. The results of the study indicate that Self Efficacy partially has a significant effect on employee performance, while Knowledge Sharing and Human Relations partially do not have a significant effect on employee performance. However, simultaneously, Self Efficacy, Knowledge Sharing, and Human Relations have a significant effect on employee performance at PT. Abdael Nusa in Surabaya.

ANALYSIS OF EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE OF BANK ACEH SYARIAH, LHOKSEUMAWE CITY IN 2025

2026-01-18T00:58:09+00:00

In the era of globalization and digitalization, the banking industry faces increasingly complex challenges, such as intense competition, regulatory changes, and rising customer expectations for fast, secure, and high-quality services. In this context, employee performance becomes a key factor in determining the bank's ability to adapt and grow. Employee performance not only includes technical competence in carrying out banking tasks but also skills in serving customers, mitigating risks, and maintaining the institution's reputation and trust. Theoretically, this research is based on the concept of business administration, which views organizations as a series of interconnected activities to achieve objectives, including effective human resource management. In the workplace, employees' perceptions of their environment and the feedback provided by supervisors play an important role in shaping attitudes, motivation, and performance. This study employs a qualitative approach using in-depth interviews, direct observation, and documentation, resulting in a comprehensive understanding of employee performance dynamics in the field. The findings indicate that employees who consistently apply the principles of Amanah, Shiddiq, Fathanah, and Tabligh tend to receive constructive feedback that encourages performance improvement. Conversely, employees who are less optimal in applying these principles generally receive corrective feedback as a form of guidance. Properly delivered feedback has been shown to strengthen positive employee behavior, as explained in reinforcement theory, which states that behavior is more likely to be repeated when it results in favorable consequences. Overall, the performance of BAS Lhokseumawe Branch employees is categorized as good, as reflected in the achievement of targets and compliance with sharia principles. This study suggests that management should enhance the quality of communication in providing feedback, including through training for unit leaders to deliver objective, constructive, and empathetic feedback, thus improving employee motivation without creating psychological pressure.

THE EFFECT OF GREEN MARKETING MIX ON PURCHASE DECISIONS FOR TUPPERWARE PRODUCTS IN EAST ACEH DISTRICT.

2025-11-10T08:12:42+00:00

This study aims to determine the influence of the green marketing mix on purchasing decisions for Tupperware products in East Aceh Regency. The data used in this study are primary data. The sampling technique used purposive sampling with a sample size of 140.The conclusion of the theory above is fulfilled. The method used to analyze the relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable is the multiple linear regression method. The results of the study indicate that partially Green product has a positive and significant effect on the decision to purchase Tupperware products. Green price has a positive and significant effect on the decision to purchase products. Green place has a positive and significant effect on the decision to purchase Tupperware products. Green promotion has a positive and significant effect on the decision to purchase Tupperware products.

ACADEMIC REVIEW OF BIO-OIL PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY FROM PLASTIC AND BIOMASS WASTE PYROLYSIS IN RECENT RESEARCH

2025-11-23T01:09:24+00:00

This academic review comprehensively analyzes the development of bio-oil refining technology from the pyrolysis of mixed plastic and biomass waste, focusing on its characteristics, technical challenges, and application prospects in Indonesia. Mixed bio-oil has a complex composition influenced by radical interactions during pyrolysis, resulting in high-value hydrocarbon fractions but still containing oxygenated compounds that reduce fuel stability and quality. This study examines the effectiveness of major refining methods, including hydrodeoxygenation (HDO), catalytic cracking, and integrated co-pyrolysis, and assesses the performance of latest generation catalysts such as NiMo/Al₂O₃ and ZSM-5, which demonstrate significant selectivity and reaction stability. The analysis also identifies obstacles to industrial-scale implementation, such as catalyst deactivation, high hydrogen requirements, feedstock variability, and high operating costs. In the Indonesian context, the potential for application of this technology is significant due to the abundance of biomass and plastic waste, coupled with renewable energy policies that support diversification of energy sources. This review emphasizes the need for research integration, process optimization, infrastructure capacity building, and collaboration between government, industry, and academia to accelerate the development of efficient, economical, and sustainable bio-oil refining technology.

STIMULUS-ORGANISM-RESPONSE FACTORS DRIVING IMPULSE BUYING IN LIVE-STREAM SHOPPING ENVIRONMENTS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

2025-11-26T07:43:31+00:00

This study reviews empirical research examining what triggers impulse buying in live-streaming commerce and how these triggers work through psychological processes. The review took a systematic approach, using Scopus and DOAJ as the main databases. The search yielded 249 results, of which 34 studies published between 2020 and 2025 were included after screening. The analysis applies the stimulus-organism-response (SOR) framework. Four main types of stimuli appear consistently across studies. Social stimuli include streamer influence, viewer interaction, and social proof. Platform stimuli stem from real-time features that enhance the user experience. Promotional stimuli include time pressure, flash deals, and limited stock displays. Product presentation stimuli include demonstrations and clear visuals that help viewers imagine using the product. These stimuli affect emotional, cognitive, and immersive states. The most common internal responses linked to impulse buying are excitement, trust, perceived value, and flow. The impact of these stimuli varies depending on consumer traits, platform design, and product type. However, most studies rely on cross-sectional surveys from Asian markets, which limits generalization. This review offers an updated model connecting external triggers with psychological mechanisms.

SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW: DETERMINANTS OF EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE IN SOUTHEAST ASIA FROM A THEORY OF PERFORMANCE (TOP) PERSPECTIVE

2025-12-20T03:48:45+00:00

Employee performance is a key driver of organizational effectiveness in Southeast Asia, a region marked by rapid economic change and diverse institutional contexts. Although numerous empirical studies have examined performance determinants in this region, existing findings remain fragmented and lack integration within a comprehensive theoretical framework. This study addresses this gap through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) grounded in the Theory of Performance (ToP). Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, ten Q1–Q3 empirical articles published between 2015 and 2025 from Vietnam, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand were systematically analyzed. The synthesis indicates that organizational context—particularly high-performance work systems, strategic human resource practices, and talent management—serves as the primary foundation of employee performance. Internal states, especially employee engagement, consistently function as the central mechanism translating contextual support into performance outcomes, including task performance and innovative behavior. Individual capability contributes to performance but operates optimally only when supported by favorable contexts and psychological conditions. Cross-country analysis further reveals contextual variation, with commitment and job satisfaction dominating bureaucratic settings, while engagement and proactive behaviors are more salient in adaptive, knowledge-intensive sectors. This review provides the first integrative ToP-based synthesis of employee performance in Southeast Asia and offers implications for context-sensitive human resource strategies.

GEN Z'S DIGITAL LIFE: SOCIAL MEDIA ACCOUNTS AS A MEANS OF OPEN AND HIDDEN EXPRESSION

2026-01-02T13:45:15+00:00

Generation Z grew up in a digital era that has made social media a primary platform for self-expression and identity formation. This study aims to describe Gen Z's overt and covert social media expression patterns and the factors that influence them. The method used was descriptive quantitative, with an online questionnaire conducted with 66 Gen Z respondents aged 15–25. The research results show that primary accounts are used to maintain social image, while alternate or anonymous accounts provide a more free and authentic space for personal expression. The dominant factors driving the use of secondary accounts are the need for privacy and the comfort of being authentic. This phenomenon illustrates that Gen Z has a flexible and dynamic digital identity that adapts to the audience's context. This research emphasizes the importance of digital literacy and self-identity awareness so that social media can be used healthily and responsibly.

THE EFFECT OF CAREER DEVELOPMENT ON TURNOVER INTENTION MEDIATED BY JOB SATISFACTION AMONG HEALTHCARE WORKERS IN YOGYAKARTA

2026-01-19T15:05:23+00:00

This study aims to analyze the effect of career development on turnover intention mediated by job satisfaction among healthcare workers in Yogyakarta. The research employs a quantitative approach with a causal research design. The study examines career development as the independent variable, turnover intention as the dependent variable, and job satisfaction as the mediating variable. The population of this study consists of healthcare workers in Yogyakarta, with a sample of 130 respondents. Data were collected using a questionnaire instrument measured on a Likert scale. Data analysis was conducted using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the Partial Least Squares (PLS) approach, processed using SmartPLS version 3.0 software. The results indicate that career development has a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction, career development has a negative and significant effect on turnover intention, and job satisfaction has a negative and significant effect on turnover intention. Furthermore, the indirect effect analysis demonstrates that career development has a negative and significant effect on turnover intention through job satisfaction, confirming the mediating role of job satisfaction in the relationship between career development and turnover intention among healthcare workers in Yogyakarta.

ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF FOLLOW-UP AUDIT RESULTS ON FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT OF THE SOUTH SULAWESI PROVINCE GOVERNMENT

2025-11-13T04:36:17+00:00

This study aims to analyze the trend in the effectiveness of follow-up to audit results in the financial management of the South Sulawesi Provincial Government from 2020 to 2023. The method used is a qualitative documentation method utilizing secondary data from the Supreme Audit Agency (BPK) audit report, the South Sulawesi Provincial Government financial report, and the BPK audit opinion report. The analysis was conducted descriptively by comparing changes in audit opinion and the effectiveness of the implementation of recommendations each year. The findings of this study indicate that although the audit opinion has increased from qualified to unqualified, follow-up to the audit results has not reached an optimal level. The large number of recommendations that have not been implemented properly indicates weaknesses in the internal control system and regional asset management. Therefore, increased commitment, human resource capacity development, and improvements in the supervisory system are needed to make regional financial management more transparent and accountable.

IMPLEMENTATION OF WATERFRONT MANAGEMENT POLICY BASED ON MAYOR REGULATION NO. 26 OF 2019 CONCERNING THE MANAGEMENT AND SUPERVISION OF WATERFRONT AREAS IN THE CITY OF PONTIANAK

2025-11-24T14:46:21+00:00

This thesis examines the implementation of the Waterfront Management Policy in Pontianak City based on Mayoral Regulation Number 26 of 2019. The study uses a qualitative approach with Marilee S. Grindle's policy implementation theory, which examines the policy content and the context of its implementation. The findings indicate that the policy implementation has not fully complied with regulations, mainly due to the absence of a mechanism for enforcement against violating street vendors, resulting in the Waterfront facilities being widely used for selling. In addition, budget limitations due to efficiency policies have an impact on supervision. Another obstacle arises from vendors' resistance to relocation, which is based on customary land claims. Suggestions include revising the Mayoral Regulation by adding an article on street vendor enforcement, implementing an efficient operating scheduling system, and holding a dialogue forum between the government, the community, and stakeholders to support more effective policy implementation.

ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF INTEGRATED MARKETING COMMUNICATION TEIN THE DECISION OF TOURISTS TO VISIT IN KCENTRAL ACEH REGENCY

2025-11-30T22:24:12+00:00

This research aims to analyze the influence of Integrated Marketing Communication on tourists' decision to visit Central Aceh, with a focus on three tourist attractions: Arung Jeram Lukup Badak, Pantan Teron, and Pante Manye. The independent variables in this study are advertising, personal selling, sales promotion, public relations, and events and experience, while the dependent variable is the decision to visit. The research type employed is causal associative research with a quantitative approach. Primary data was collected through questionnaires distributed to tourists visiting the mentioned attractions. The sample was drawn from the population of respondents visiting these tourist attractions using accidental sampling. Data analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression to test the partial influence of each independent variable on the decision to visit and the simultaneous influence of all independent variables. The results show that, individually, the independent variables advertising, sales promotion, and public relations do not have a significant effect on tourists' decision to visit attractions in Central Aceh. Personal selling and events and experience, on the other hand, significantly influence tourists' decision to visit attractions in Central Aceh. Simultaneously, all these independent variables also significantly influence the decision to visit. From these findings, it can be concluded that the effective implementation of IMC strategies plays a crucial role in increasing tourists' decisions to visit Central Aceh, especially at the specified tourist locations. The implications of these findings can serve as a foundation for tourism managers and stakeholders to enhance the application of IMC to increase the attractiveness and visits of tourists to the region.

THE EFFECT OF PRODUCTION COSTS, PRODUCTION CAPACITY AND PRICES ON THE INCOME OF MELINJO CHIPS CRAFTSMEN IN PIDIE REGENCY

2025-12-30T02:32:36+00:00

This research aims to determine the effect of production costs, production capacity and prices on the income of melinjo chips craftsmen in Pidie Regency. The sample in this study amounted to 100 respondents melinjo chips craftsmen. The data were analyzed using multiple linear regression and the results show that production costs (X1) and prices (X3) have a positive and significant effect on the income of melinjo chips craftsmen in Pidie Regency, while production capacity (X2) has a negative and significant effect on the income of melinjo chips craftsmen in Pidie Regency. Thus, this research contributes to the development of the income of melinjo chips craftsmen. The implication of this research is the need for craftsmen to control production costs effectively and set competitive selling prices so that income can increase optimally.

PUBLIC SERVICES AT THE SALANG DISTRICT OFFICE, SIMEULUE REGENCY

2026-01-18T00:46:54+00:00

This study aims to determine how public services are implemented at the Salang District Office, Simeulue Regency, and to identify factors that influence the quality of these services. The background of this study is based on the phenomenon of public services that are not fully optimal, where various obstacles are still found, such as limited human resources, inadequate facilities and infrastructure, and the ability of the apparatus to operate information technology that is still limited. This study uses the theory of public service quality with reference to three main dimensions, namely reliability which includes consistency, accuracy, and trustworthiness. Then, responsiveness which includes speed, accuracy, and precision. And empathy which includes caring, responsiveness, and sensitivity. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method with data collection techniques through interviews, observation, and documentation. The data obtained are then analyzed through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and data verification. The results of the study indicate that public services at the Salang District Office, Simeulue Regency, generally run well. From the aspect of reliability, employees are able to provide services quickly, accurately, and in accordance with applicable procedures. In terms of responsiveness, employees demonstrated agility in responding to public needs and complaints with good communication and polite behavior. Meanwhile, in terms of empathy, employees were assessed as friendly, patient, and concerned about the community's situation, creating a comfortable service atmosphere. Overall, public services at the Salang Sub-district Office have been running quite effectively and have earned the trust of the public. Although increasing employee capacity and equalizing service quality are still needed to optimize public services in the future.

THE ROLE OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING IN SUPPORTING COMPANY ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE

2025-11-08T13:48:05+00:00

COMPETITIVENESS ANALYSIS OF COPPER EXPORTS TO CHINA: CASE STUDY OF ASEAN COUNTRIES

2025-11-23T00:23:39+00:00

This study analyzes the competitiveness of ASEAN copper exports (HS 7408) to the Chinese market over the period 2019–2023. China is one of the world’s largest copper importers, and ASEAN has emerged as a major supplier with substantial export value growth in recent years. Using secondary data from Trademap and World Integrate Trade Solution, the research applies quantitative descriptive methods supported by Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Revealed Symmetric Comparative Advantage (RSCA), and Export Product Dynamics (EPD) to assess the comparative position and market dynamics of copper exports from six ASEAN countries—Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Philippines, Singapore, and Vietnam. The findings indicate varying levels of comparative advantage among ASEAN exporters, reflecting differences in productivity, export structure, and market integration. The analysis also highlights shifts in China’s import demand that influence ASEAN’s export performance and long-term prospects. Overall, the study provides insights into policy implications for strengthening ASEAN’s competitiveness in the Chinese copper market, particularly through enhancing productivity, export diversification, and value-added development.

ANALYSIS OF CUSTOMER SERVICE QUALITY USING THE SERVICE QUALITY DATA METHOD AT BARAT LASE BARBERSHOP

2025-11-26T07:33:07+00:00

This study aims to analyze the quality of service to customers at Barbershop Barat Lase using the Service Quality (Servqual) method. This method assesses the gap between customer expectations and perceptions of the service provided based on five dimensions, namely Tangible, Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance, and Empathy. Data were obtained through distributing questionnaires to customers which were then processed using average calculations to determine the level of satisfaction. The number of consumers who were analyzed to fill out the questionnaire was 100 consumers. The results of the study showed that there was a difference between customer expectations and perceptions in several service dimensions, where most customers were satisfied with the service provided, although negative gaps were still found in several aspects. Thus, the results of this study can be an evaluation material for Barbershop Barat Laser in improving service quality to match customer expectations. From the application of the Service Quality method, it was found that 15 consumers were dissatisfied, 13 consumers were quite satisfied, 9 consumers were satisfied and 63 consumers were very satisfied.

EFFORTS TO IMPROVE THE NUMERATION LITERACY SKILLS OF CLASS V STUDENTS IN KALOY STATE PRIMARY SCHOOL THROUGH CRA METHOD

2025-12-20T03:42:12+00:00

This study investigates the application of the Concrete–Representational–Abstract (CRA) method to strengthen numeracy literacy among fifth-grade students at SD Negeri Kaloy. Despite national efforts to improve mathematics education, Indonesia's performance in the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) remains low, with a score of 366 in 2022, down from 391 in 2006. Such results highlight persistent challenges in students' ability to interpret, analyze, and apply mathematical concepts in real-life contexts. Using a classroom action research (CAR) design, data were collected through observation, tests, and reflective cycles involving 25 students during the 2024/2025 academic year. The study focused on four indicators of numeracy literacy: the use of mathematical symbols, question analysis, interpretation/prediction, and decision-making. The CRA method was operationalized through concrete media (paper cutouts), representational tools (visual models and videos), and abstract notation, tailored to students' diverse learning styles—visual, auditory, and kinesthetic. Findings reveal that CRA significantly improved students' ability to use mathematical symbols and draw accurate conclusions, while challenges persist in auditory learning due to technical limitations in video delivery. Visual and kinesthetic learners demonstrate higher consistency and engagement, underscoring the importance of differentiated instruction. Overall, CRA enhanced conceptual understanding, long-term retention, and numeracy literacy across all indicators. This study concludes that CRA is a relevant and effective pedagogical approach to address Indonesia's numeracy literacy gap. Practical implications include the integration of concrete manipulatives, multimodal learning resources, and reflective cycles into mathematics instruction, offering a scalable model for improving student outcomes in primary education.

THE METHOD OF MAQĀṢID AL-SYARĪ'AH AS A NEW METHOD OF INTERPRETATION IN THE ISSUE OF CONTEMPORARY MARRIAGE GUARDIANS IN INDONESIA

2025-12-31T07:52:29+00:00

This study examines the problems of contemporary wali nikah in Indonesia, where rigid interpretations of classical fiqh clash with modern social realities such as the phenomenon of wali adhal and the increasing independence of women. Using Maqāṣid al-Syarī'ah as a new method of interpretation, this qualitative literature research deconstructs traditional views to reconstruct the role of guardians. The results of the analysis show that the meaning of wali as absolute authority can be contrary to the essential purpose of the shari'a (ḍarūriyyāt). Therefore, ijtihad maqāṣidī was formulated which transforms the role of guardians into protectors and consultants in order to realize benefits.

IMPLEMENTATION OF AUTHENTIC ASSESSMENT AS A LEARNING EVALUATION TOOL AT RA ZAHRATUL HAYAH, BINJAI CITY SHEIKH ABDUL HALIM BINJAI INSTITUTE, BINJAI CITY

2026-01-19T14:54:58+00:00

Early childhood education plays a crucial role in supporting optimal child development, particularly at the age of 5–6, a period of rapid development in various aspects. The learning process in early childhood education needs to be accompanied by evaluations that are in line with the characteristics of child development, one of which is through authentic assessment. This study aims to describe the implementation of authentic assessment as a learning evaluation tool for early childhood aged 5–6 at RA Zahratul Hayah, Binjai City, and to examine the benefits and constraints in its implementation. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive research type. The research subjects are teachers who teach children aged 5–6, while the research object is the implementation of authentic assessment in learning activities. Data collection techniques are carried out through observation and interviews, then analyzed descriptively qualitatively with the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study indicate that authentic assessment has been implemented in an integrated manner in the learning process through play activities and daily thematic activities. The forms of authentic assessment used include observation, anecdotal notes, portfolios, and assessment of children's work. Authentic assessment provides a holistic picture of child development and assists teachers in planning learning tailored to their needs. Despite challenges related to time and administrative constraints, teachers make various adjustments to ensure the assessment remains effective. Thus, authentic assessment has proven to be a crucial learning evaluation tool in supporting optimal early childhood development.

IMPROVING GROWTH OF PATCHOULI CUTTINGS USING PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS AND GROWING MEDIA

2025-12-24T13:54:09+00:00

Patchouli plant (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) is one of the essential oil producing plants which is widely used in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic and perfume fields, especially as a mixture or fixative (fragrance binder). The productivity and success rate of the initial growth of patchouli plants are largely determined by the cultivation techniques used. The cuttings used are stem cuttings with the best number of 4 nodes and have 2 remaining leaves for photosynthesis. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of growth regulator treatment and planting media composition on the growth of patchouli cuttings. The study used a factorial randomized block design with 2 factors, namely the first factor of planting media (M) consisting of 2 levels, namely: M0 = Ultisol soil (control); M1 = Ultisol soil + coconut shell biochar (2:1). The second factor of PGR (N) consists of 4 levels, namely: N0 = Water (control); N1 = 100% coconut water; N2 = 45% shallot extract; N3 = Rootone-F 150 ppm. The results showed that each independent treatment had a very significant effect on the variables of fresh cutting weight (g), root volume (cm³) and root morphology. Furthermore, the interaction of planting media and PGR treatments had a very significant effect on the variables of fresh cutting weight, root volume and root morphology. Ultisol soil + coconut shell biochar (2:1) and Rootone-F 150 ppm planting media were the best treatments to increase the growth of patchouli cuttings.